2009年高考5月政治沖刺資料(4)
――《生活與哲學》論述題精選
40.(2009年深圳市高三年級第二次調研考試)下面是一位法律專業大學生“村官”的日記摘抄,從中我們可以看到一個年輕人逐漸成長、成熟的心路歷程。
我選擇到最基層――農村去工作。這是一個別人沒做過的“吃螃蟹”的決定。我想人是要有點理想的,到祖國最需要的地方去,才可以干出一番事業。
在農村,要尊重農民、心系群眾,老老實實做人,踏踏實實做事……
為使更多人學法、用法,我在村里辦起法律夜校、法律咨詢室……從中體會到了“學以致用”的快樂。
3年過去了,我帶領村民發家致富,全村面貌發生了巨大的變化:農民收入翻番,不少村民喜遷新居,村里時常舉辦各種形式的文化活動,群眾的業余文化生活也越來越豐富……
(1)結合材料,運用《生活與哲學》的知識,分析說明大學生應該如何為國家和社會貢獻聰明才智?(12分)
(2)假如你是一名即將畢業的大學生,請運用矛盾分析法說明應該如何應對當前的就業困難?(5分)
40、答:(1)①大學生只有樹立正確的價值觀和人生理想,做出正確的價值判斷與價值選擇,才能為國家和社會貢獻聰明才智。該“村官”選擇到農村、到祖國最需要的地方去,實現自己的理想和抱負。(3分)
②大學生只有堅持群眾觀點,才能為國家和社會貢獻聰明才智。該“村官”能在工作中尊重農民、心系群眾,老老實實做人,踏踏實實做事。(3分)
③大學生只有堅持實踐觀點,做到理論聯系實際,才能為國家和社會貢獻聰明才智。該“村官”在村中辦法律夜校、法律咨詢室……學以致用,贏得了村民的尊重。(3分)
④大學生只有在勞動和奉獻中實現人生價值,才能為國家和社會貢獻聰明才智。該“村官”在3年時間里,帶領村民發家致富,使全村面貌發生了翻天覆地的變化,實現了自身價值。(3分)
(2)①矛盾雙方在一定條件下可以相互轉化。作為即將畢業的大學生,應該積極創造條件,全面提高自身素質,增強自身的競爭優勢,在困難中把握機遇。(1分)
②矛盾具有普遍性、客觀性要求我們要承認矛盾,分析矛盾,勇于揭露矛盾,積極尋求正確的方法解決矛盾。作為即將畢業的大學生,應該敢于面對困難、克服困難,并找到解決困難的辦法。(2分)
③矛盾的特殊性要求我們做到具體問題具體分析。作為即將畢業的大學生,應該根據個人的興趣、專長和條件,實現自主擇業或自主創業。(2分)
39.(2009佛山2模17分)
2009年高考5月政治沖刺資料(3)
――《生活與哲學》辨析題精選
39.(2009年深圳市高三年級第二次調研考試)(11分)俄國十月革命后,曾經出現過一個“無產階級文化派”,他們主張拋棄過去的一切,建立無產階級的數學和天文學,建立無產階級的新鐵路。他們寫道:“為了我們的明天――我們將拉斐爾火葬,我們要把博物館破壞,我們將藝術的花朵加以摧毀。”
辨題:只要徹底否定,就能實現事物的發展。
39、答:⑴“無產階級文化派”的主張是典型的形而上學否定觀。(1分)
⑵辯證的否定是事物自身的否定,它是事物發展的環節,是實現新事物產生和舊事物滅亡的根本途徑。辨證否定的實質是“揚棄”,是既肯定又否定,既克服又保留,而不是“無產階級文化派”所主張的徹底否定。(4分)
⑶辯證否定是事物聯系的環節,新事物產生于舊事物,它總是吸取、保留和改造舊事物中積極的因素作為自己存在和發展的基礎。正是事物之間的相互聯系、相互作用,才構成了事物的變化和發展。“無產階級文化派”主張完全割裂新舊事物的聯系,不可能實現事物的發展。(3分)
⑷唯物辯證法的矛盾觀認為,矛盾是事物發展的源泉和動力。矛盾雙方既對立又統一,由此推動事物的運動、變化和發展,而不是象“無產階級文化派”那樣把否定理解為外力作用的結果。(3分)
38.(2009佛山2模11分)中國改革開放30年來,經濟、政治、文化和社會建設都發生了巨大的變化,取得了前所未有的歷史性進步。
辨題:社會不斷的變化,推動著社會不斷的發展。
38.答案要點:
(1)事物的變化和事物的發展有著密切聯系,都是指事物是處在不停的運動之中,絕對靜止的事物是不存在的,沒有變化就沒有發展,發展是變化的總趨向。(2分)但并非任何的變化都是發展,發展是前進的、上升的變化,是新事物的產生和舊事物的滅亡。(2分)
(2)矛盾是事物發展的動力和源泉。社會的發展是在社會基本矛盾運動中,在社會基本矛盾的不斷解決中實現的。(2分)人民群眾是社會實踐的主體,是變革社會的決定力量。人民群眾通過推動生產力的發展而不斷創造和改變社會關系,從而不斷推動社會歷史的進步和發展。(3分)我國30年來所取得的巨大進步,是通過不斷的改革,使生產關系適應生產力發展、上層建筑適應經濟基礎發展的結果。(1分)
(3)題中的觀點是不科學的。(1分)
39. (09年茂名一模)2008年是我國的多災之年:年初的南方冰凍雪災、5?12四川大地震、
辨題:巨大的自然災害是自然界運動規律的必然,與人類無關,人類也無能為力。
39. 答案要點:(1)自然界及其運動變化的規律是客觀的,它的存在與發生作用不依人的意志為轉移,并突出表現為不可抗拒性。如地震等現象是自然規律運動的必然。(4分)
(2)自然規律是不可抗拒的,人類的活動一旦違背自然規律必須遭到自然規律的懲罰。像年初的南方冰凍震災、強臺風“黑格比”等自然災害往往與人類違背自然規律的活動有關,并不完全是自然規律作用的結果。(3分)
(3)但是,人類在自然客觀規律面前并非無能為力。人的意識具有能動性,能夠認識和利用自然規律,能夠利用規律提高活動的預見性和方向性,能夠創造規律起作用的條件或者改變其起作用的條件,讓規律造福人類。(4分)
38.(佛山市2009年普通高中高三教學質量檢測一) (11分)青年學生只要充分發揮主觀能動性,就能大有作為。
38.答案要點:
(1)意識具有能動作用,人能夠能動地認識世界和改造世界,人們要大有作為就必須充分發揮主觀能動性。從這點看,辨題觀點具有一定合理性。(3分)
(2)要大有作為必須把發揮主觀能動性和尊重客觀規律、客觀條件結合起來,把高度的革命熱情同嚴謹踏實的科學態度結合起來。(3分)
(3)要大有作為,還必須全面提高個人素質,樹立正確的價值觀和堅定的理想信念。(2分)
(4)要大有作為必須正確處理個人與社會的關系,積極投身于為人民服務的社會實踐中去。(2分)
可見,辨題觀點是片面的。(1分)
39.(珠海市2009年高三年級第二次調研考試)胡錦濤在紀念黨的十一屆三中全會召開30周年大會上的講話強調到新中國成立10年時基本實現現代化,建成富強民主文明和諧的社會主義現代化國家。只要我們不動搖、不懈怠、不折騰,堅定不移地推進改革開放,堅定不移地走中國特色社會主義道路,就一定能夠勝利實現這一宏偉藍圖和奮斗目標。
辨題:按規律辦事就能做到“不折騰”。
39.答:(1)規律是客觀的,我們要按規律辦事,在實踐中堅持真理,遵循社會發展的客觀規律,走歷史的必由之路。(2分)(2)要做到“不折騰”就要堅持馬克思主義的世界觀和方法論,堅持辯證法,反對形而上學。(2分)(3)做到一切從實際出發,實事求是,主觀符合客觀,堅持把發揮主觀能動性和尊重客觀規律結合起來,把高度的革命熱情和嚴謹踏實的科學態度結合起來。(3分)(5)做到“不折騰”,要尊重廣大人民的歷史主體地位,堅持群眾觀點和群眾路線,自覺站在最廣大人民的立場上,把人民群眾的利益作為最高的價值標準。(3分)
所以,題目觀點是不科學的。(1分)
39. (廣東省江門市2009年高考第二次模擬考試)(11分)溫家寶總理談到應對金融危機時說,我們首先要增強信心,信心就是力量。信心來自中國有廣闊的市場和豐富的人力資源,來自黨和政府及時果斷出臺的正確措施。有廣大干部職工迎難而上的精神,我們就一定能取得勝利。
辨析:有了信心,我們的事業就一定能取得勝利。
39.答:①意識具有能動作用,人們通過發揮主觀能動性,有助于克服困難,創造性地解決問題,這是戰勝危機的重要因素。溫總理強調應對金融危機要增強信心,正是這一道理的直接體現。(3分)
②要取得成功,除信心外,還離不開其他的一些主、客觀條件。如樹立正確的價值觀、一切從實出發、解放思想、實事求是、立足實踐等。如果只是有信心,并不具備相應的條件,我們的事業也難以取得勝利。(3分)
③我們的事業要取得成功,必須把發揮主觀能動性和尊重客觀規律有機結合起來。溫總理對信心的論述,體現了高度革命熱情和科學態度的有機結合。(3分)
④把總理的話曲解為“信心決定事業的成功”,夸大了意識的能動作用,是唯意志主義的表現。(2分)
39 、(惠州市2009 屆高三第二次模擬考試)(11 分) 真理是抽象的,真理與謬誤沒有明確的界限。
答案:(1)真理的最基本屬性是客觀性,人們對同一事物的真理性認識只能有一個,在真理面前人人平等。真理是具體的有條件的,任何真理都是相對于特定過程來說,都是主觀與客觀、理論與實踐的具體的歷史的統一。抽象的真理是不存在的,我們應堅持真理客觀性的辯證唯物主義的真理觀,反對抽象地談論真理的唯心主義與形而上學的真理觀。(4分)
(2)真理是人們對客觀事物及其規律的正確反映,謬誤是客觀事物及其規律在人們頭腦中的歪曲反映。真理是具體而全面的,體現了主觀和客觀、理論和實踐的具體的歷史的統一。謬誤則相反,它是人們認識的主觀性、片面性和表面性所造成。真理與謬誤的界限不容混淆。認為真理與謬誤沒有明確的界限是錯誤的。(4分)
(3)任何真理都有自己適用的條件和范圍,如果超出了這個條件和范圍,真理就會變成謬誤。真理的條件性和具體性表明,真理和謬誤往往是相伴而行的。在人們探索真理的過程中,錯誤是難免的。我們要與時俱進,開拓創新,在實踐中認識和發現真理,在實踐中檢驗和發展真理。(3)
39.(揭陽市2009年高中畢業班第二次高考模擬考試)(11分)真理標準大討論重新恢復了黨的解放思想、實事求是的思想路線,沖破了個人迷信、“兩個凡是”的精神枷鎖,把人們從毛澤東晚年錯誤、從“文化大革命”的極左錯誤中解放出來,從而為改革開放、撥亂反正等一系列新政策、新主張、新思想、新辦法的提出,打開了通道,提供了思想空間和條件。
辨析:實踐是客觀的,真理是主觀的,因此,實踐是檢驗真理的重要標準。
39. 答案要點:
(1)實踐具有客觀物質性。在實踐活動中,不僅實踐的構成要素―主體、手段和對象是客觀的,而且實踐活動的過程及其結果也受到客觀事物及其運動規律的制約,因而具有客觀性。題中認為“實踐是客觀的”有一定的合理性。(3分)
(2)真理最基本的屬性是客觀性,它的內容是客觀的,是對不依賴于人的意識的客觀事物及其規律的反映。而真理的形式是主觀的,它屬于認識范疇。真理是主觀與客觀的統一。因此,不能說“真理是主觀的”。 (3分)
(3)要檢驗一種認識是否正確地反映了客觀事物,只有把主觀與客觀聯系起來加以比較和對照,才能檢驗主觀認識與客觀事物是否相符合。唯一能夠滿足這一要求的就是實踐。通過實踐,人們可以把自己頭腦中的觀念的存在變為現實的存在。在這一過程中,人們把指導自己實踐的認識和實踐所產生的結果加以對照,從而檢驗認識是否正確地反映了客觀事物。因此,真理標準大討論,明確了實踐是檢驗認識的真理性的唯一標準,題中認為“實踐是檢驗真理的重要標準”是錯誤的(5分)。
39.(韶關2009年高三第二次政治模擬題)(11分)某市對青少年問卷調查顯示,08年奧運會上,當中國國旗升起的時候有95%的青少年感到驕傲自豪;公交車上,如果看到老弱病殘,93%的人會主動讓坐;86%認為做人要誠實守信。但有83%的人闖過紅燈并認為這是小事,談不上違法。
辨析:踐行社會主義榮辱觀,就要做到明辨“大是大非”
39.答案要點:(1)價值觀是指人們在認識各種具體事物價值的基礎上,形成對事物價值的總的看法和根本觀點。社會主義榮辱觀是一種正確的價值觀。踐行社會主義榮辱觀包括知與行兩大方面,知是認知層面的,屬于價值判斷,行是實踐層面,要做出價值選擇。(3分)
(2)價值判斷是價值選擇的基礎。材料表明,在“大是大非”面前某市青少年能夠做出正確的價值選擇,是他們深深懂得愛國,誠信,尊老愛幼等的重要性。明辨“大是大非”對踐行社會主義榮辱觀非常重要,有利于青少年的健康成長。(3分)而他們撞紅燈現象普遍存在則是認識模糊,在“小是小非”面前選取隨意的表現。在社會主義社會里,不論大事小事,是非、善惡的界限絕對不能混淆。(2分)
(3)踐行社會主義榮辱觀,青少年不僅要明是非,知榮辱,還要從小事做起,從自我做起,做到知行統一,讓美德成為習慣。(2分)
(4) 因此題目的觀點是不科學的(1分)
39.(2009屆廣東省湛江市二模)(11分)辨析:人們追求真理就要勇于否定過去。
39.答案要點: (1)真理是標志主觀同客觀相符合的哲學范疇,是人們對客觀事物及其規律的正確認識。(2分)認識具有反復性,人們對一個事物的正確認識往往要經過從實踐到認識,再從認識到實踐的多次反復才能完成的。追求真理的過程也是如此。 (3分)認識具有無限性,追求真理是一個永無止境的過程。(1分)
(2)辯證的否定是既肯定又否定,既克服又保留,實質是“揚棄”。追求真理的過程就是要克服過去認識中不合理的消極因素,而不是簡單地否定一切。那些經過實踐反復檢驗的,已經確定的真理并沒有被推翻,而是不斷地向前發展。(4分)
因此,辨題的觀點是片面的。(1分)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
www.ks5u.com
2009年高考5月政治沖刺資料(2)
――《政治生活》辨析題精選
38.(2009年深圳市高三年級第二次調研考試)(11分)人民享有廣泛的民主權利,是我國社會主義民主政治的特點和優勢。
38、答:⑴我國是人民民主專政的社會主義國家,國家的一切權力屬于人民,人民當家作主是通過人民享有廣泛的民主權利來實現的,這是我國社會主義民主政治的特點和優勢。題中觀點肯定了這一點,有其合理性。(4分)
⑵在我國,黨的領導、人們當家作主、依法治國是有機統一的,這也是我國社會主義民主政治特點和優勢的重要表現。黨的領導是人們當家作主和依法治國的根本保證;人們當家作主是社會主義民主政治的本質和核心;依法治國是黨領導人民治理國家的基本方略。(3分)
⑶我國社會主義民主政治的特點和優勢還表現為民主內容和形式的統一。即真實性內容和多樣性形式的統一,公民權利與義務的統一。(3分)
可見,題中觀點忽視了“兩個統一”,因而是片面的。(1分)
37.(2009佛山2模11分)辨題:政府只要履行好經濟建設職能,就能讓全體人民共享改革發展成果。
37.答案要點:
(1)我國政府是人民意旨的執行者和人民利益的捍衛者,是國家權力機關的執行機關,在經濟建設中負有重要職能,以促進社會經濟發展,提高生產力水平和人民生活水平。故題中說法有一定的合理性。(3分)
(2)要讓全體人民共享改革發展成果,還需要政府切實履行政治、文化和社會公共服務職能,對人民負責,科學、民主決策,依法行政,自覺接受監督,全面提高管理與服務水平。(3分)
(3)要讓全體人民共享改革發展成果,還需要堅持黨的領導和完善黨的領導方式和執政方式,堅持科學執政、民主執政、依法執政。(2分)
(4)公民是權利與義務的主體,不僅有“共享”的權利,更有“共建”的義務。(2分)
總之,要讓全體人民共享改革發展成果,需要黨、需要政府,也需要公民等多方面的共同努力,題中觀點是片面的。(1分)
38. (2009年廣州市普通高中畢業班綜合測試二)(11分)辨析:國家合作取決于各國的國家利益。
38. 答案要點:(11分)
(1)國家利益是國家生存和發展的權益,是國際關系的決定性因素。維護國家利益是主權國家對外活動的出發點和落腳點。因此,國家合作取決于各國的國家利益,具有合理性。(4分)
(2)各國存在著復雜的利益關系,既存在著某些共同利益,也存在著利益差別乃至對立。國家間的共同利益是國家合作的基礎。(4分)
(3)考慮國與國之間的關系主要應該從國家自身的戰略利益出發,同時也應尊重對方的正當利益,維護各國人民的共同利益。任何國家都不應以維護本國國家利益為理由,侵犯別國的主權和安全,干涉別國的內政。(3分)
38. (09年茂名一模)建設服務型政府就是政府應該為公民服務,并讓公民感到滿意。
38. 答案要點:(1)服務型政府是指一個能夠公正、透明、高效地為公眾和全社會提供優質公共產品和服務的政府。我國的政府是人民利益的執行者和捍衛者,是人民的政府,在新的形勢下必須轉變政府職能,建設服務型政府。這要求政府及其工作人員必須牢固樹立為人民服務的思想,端正為人民服務的工作態度,關注民生,體察民情,尊重民意,真正做到便民利民。(6分)
(2)政府一方面在提供公共服務的同時,也要履行對社會進行管理的職能,把該管的事情管好。同時公民也應該相信政府,學會尋求政府的幫助。(3分)
(3)因此,政府不是什么事情都管,應該做到不越位、不缺位、不錯位,增強服務。該辨題是不科學的。(2分)
37. (佛山市2009年普通高中高三教學質量檢測一) (11分)黨的十七人報告明確指出:“確保權力正確行使,必須讓權力在陽光下運行”。推行政務公開、打造陽光政府已是人勢所趨。
辨題:打造陽光政府是中國共產黨堅持民主執政的重要內容。
37.答案要點:
(1)中國共產黨堅持民主執政,就是為人民執政,靠人民執政,支持和保證人氏當家作主,堅持和完善人民民主專政,堅持和完善民主集中制,以發展黨內民主帶動人民民主,壯大最廣泛的愛國統一戰線。(3分)
(2)自覺接受人民監督是法治政府的基本要求,通過建立信息公開制度利公開辦事制度等措施來打造陽光政府,有利于提高政府工作的透明度,增強政府的群眾意識和服務意識,從而維護群眾利益和社會穩定。這與中國共產黨堅持民主執政的本質是統一的。(4分)
(3)中國共產黨是中國特色社會主義事業的領導核心,始終發揮總攬全局、協調各方的作用。我國政府是住中國共產黨領導卜的國家行政機關,是國家權力機關的執行機關,兩者有著本質的區別。(3分)
(4)題目的觀點把打造剛光政府與黨的吣主執政混為一談,是不科學的。(1分)
38. (珠海市2009年高三年級第二次調研考試)公民只有負責地行使監督權利,才能有效防止我國行政機關權力的缺失和濫用。
38.答:(1)公民監督權是指公民有監督一切國家機關和國家工人員的權利,它包括批評權、建議權、檢舉權、申訴權和控告權等,公民監督權的范圍是包括對政府機關在內的一切國家機關。公民負責地行使監督權,有利于改進我國政府機關及其工作人員的工作,有助于防止其權力的缺失和濫用。(2分)(2)我國政府是國家權力機關的執行機關,是國家行政機關。要防止政府權力的缺失和濫用,需要建立健全監督和制約機制。(2分)要建立這種機制,一靠民主,二靠法制,兩者缺一不可,即發揮人民民主對權力的制約和監督,要切實保障廣大人民的知情權、參與權、表達權和監督權,使人民能夠有效地監督政府權力的運行。(2分)還要加強法制對權力的制約和監督,我國依照憲法和法律已初步建立起全面的行政監督體系。(2分)(3)政府權力的行使包括決策、執行、監督等形式。因此,為了防止政府權力的缺失和濫用,政府機關必須堅持民主決策,堅持依法行政,主動接受人民的監督,接受人大、政協、中國共產黨和社會團體等的監督。(2分)
綜上分析可見,題中觀點具有片面性。(1分)
38. (廣東省江門市2009年高考第二次模擬考試)(11分)
辨析:加強輿論對政府的監督,就能打造陽光政府,增強政府工作的透明度。
38.答:(1)輿論監督以其透明度高、威力大、影響廣、時效快等特點,在對政府及其工作人員的監督中發揮著獨特的作用。正是在輿論的推動下,才使得“躲貓貓”事件被迅速查明真相。(2分)
(2)加強輿論監督,有利于防止政府權力的缺失和濫用。在輿論的推動下,云南省公安廳還原事件的真相,有利于打造陽光政府,增強政府工作的透明度。某監獄隱瞞事件真相,不利于群眾維護自己的合法權益,化解社會矛盾,維護社會穩定。(3分)
(3)要打造陽光政府,除了要加強輿論監督外,還要健全行政監督體系,加強人大監督、政協監督、司法監督、中國共產黨的監督等。此外,還要建立和完善對權力的制約和監督機制,這個機制,一靠民主,二靠法制。(3分)
(4)打造陽光政府還必須加強政府自身的建設,在決策、執行、監督環節都要大力實施“陽光工程”。目前, 我國政府為了方便人民群眾對政府及其公職人員進行監督,建立了政務信息公開制度和公開辦事制度,這是打造陽光政府的重大舉措。(3分)
38 、(惠州市2009 屆高三第二次模擬考試)(l1 分)溫家寶總理在聯合國千年發展目標高級別會議發言時強調:中國歷屆政府都奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策,我國不會,也沒有精力大舉對外擴張。在對應金融危機中,我國愿意與各國通力合作,迎接挑戰”。
辨題:我國的國家性質不變,我國的外交政策也不變。
答案:(1)外交政策是國家性質和國家利益在國家對外關系中的反映,是實現國家對外職能的手段。我國的國家性質和國家利益決定了我國奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策。(2分)
(2)我國的國家性質決定我國外交政策的性質,我國是人民民主專政的社會主義國家,決定了我國歷屆政府奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策,中國永遠不稱霸,中國的發展不會威脅任何國家,中國堅決走和平發展道路。(4分)
(3)我國的國家利益決定我國外交政策的內容。我國的國家性質不變,決定了我國外交政策的性質不會變,但由于國家利益的變化,我國的外交政策的內容也會隨之變化。在全球金融危機沖擊下,中國也不能獨善其身,中國愿意在金融、貿易、關稅等政策方面做出有利的調整,促進與各國的通力合作,大家共同迎接挑戰。(4分)
(4)辯題認為我國的國家性質不變,我國的外交政策也不變是不科學的。(1分)
38.(揭陽市2009年高中畢業班第二次高考模擬考試)(11分)
辨析:只有問政于民,才能提高政府的決策水平和依法行政水平。
38. 答案要點:
(1)政府的重大決策牽涉社會各階層的利益,決策是否科學、合理,至關重要。信息是決策的基礎,民意是正確決策重要的信息資源。政府問政于民,有利于拓寬民意反映渠道,是決策機關科學決策的重要前提。(3分)
(2)公民通過各種渠道、采用多種方式參與決策過程,是推進決策科學化、民主化的重要環節。政府必須審慎行使權力,堅持科學決策、民主決策。我國政府正在推進決策科學化、民主化建設,以提高決策水平。題中認為“只有問政于民,才能提高政府的決策水平”是不全面的。(3分)
(3)提高政府依法行政的水平,要加強立法工作,提高立法質量,以嚴格規范行政執法行為。加強行政執法隊伍建設,促進嚴格執法、公正執法和文明執法,不斷提高執法能力和水平。深化行政管理體制改革,努力形成權責一致、分工合理、決策科學、監督有力的行政管理體制。因此,題中認為“問政于民,有利提高政府的依法行政水平”是錯誤的(5分)。
38.(韶關2009年高三第二次政治模擬題)(11分)2008年9月,某市全面“禁摩”。與一些城市“禁摩”不同的是,并不是一禁了之,從2007年8月開始,該市正式接受“摩的”司機轉型就業登記,安置率達92.1%。有的“摩的”司機向政府申請創業基金,自主創業。
辨析:我國的政府是便民利民的政府,公民有事要找政府。
38、答案要點:(1)我國的政府是國家權力機關的執行機關,是人民意志的執行者和人民利益的捍衛者。社會主義市場經濟條件下,政府擔負經濟建設和社會公共服務等職能,政府要不斷提高行政效率,增強服務意識,杜絕門難進、臉難看、事難辦的現象。因此,公民有困難的時候要找政府。從這個方面看辨題具有合理性(5分)
(2)但政府不可能包辦一切,有些事情是辦不了的,也不該辦。例如,不能代他們創業。政府要做到不缺位、不越位、不錯位。(2分)
(3)作為公民,應該主要依靠自身努力去克服困難,同時還要學會從所在單位、社會團體等方面得到幫助,通過司法等途徑解決困難和問題。(3分)
(4)因此題目的觀點是片面的(1分)
38.(2009屆廣東省湛江市二模) (11分)十七屆三中全會審議通過了《中共中央關于推進農村改革發展若干重大問題的決定》。有人認為,當前深化農村改革,必須選好村的領頭人,要有好的村長。
辨析:村民選舉村長的權利是公民的基本權利,選舉權就是選舉村民委員會、居民委員會的權利。
38.答案要點: (1)我國《選舉法》規定,公民的選舉權就是指公民依法享有的選舉國家權力機關代表的權利。在我國,憲法規定國家的一切權力屬于人民。選舉權與被選舉權是公民的基本政治權利。公民通過選舉,挑選自己滿意和信賴的代表組成國家權力機關,讓他們代表人民行使參與管理國家事務的權力。(5分)
(2)村民委員會、居民委員會是村民、居民自我管理、自我教育、自我服務的基層群眾性自治組織,不具有國家機關性質。 (3分)我國的村民、居民通過村委會、居委會實行村民自治、居民自治,逐步增強民主意識,養成了民主習慣,學會了民主管理,提高了參與管理國家、社會事務的能力。(2分)
因此,辨題的觀點是錯誤的(1分)w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m
www.ks5u.com
2009年高考5月政治沖刺資料(1)
――《文化生活》簡答題精選
37.(2009年深圳市高三年級第二次調研考試)(10分)閱讀漫畫,運用《文化生活》知識,回答下列問題:
(1)漫畫《打掃》反映了當前文化市場中什么文化現象?(2分)
(2)針對上述文化現象,你認為應該如何凈化當前的文化環境?(8分)
37、答:(1)文化市場存在低俗之風。(2分)(考生從其他角度回答,只要言之有理,也可適當給分。)
(2)凈化當前的文化環境,應該:
①建設社會主義精神文明,大力推進社會主義文化大發展大繁榮。(2分)(或:用社會主義核心價值體系引領網絡傳媒等思想文化陣地,唱響思想文化的主旋律。也給2分)
②政府等有關部門要加強對文化市場的管理和引導,規范文化市場秩序。(2分)(或:大力發展先進文化,支持健康有益文化,提供多種類型、多樣風格的文化產品,滿足人們對文化的多層次、多樣化和多方面的需求。也給2分)
③網絡、電視媒體等文化從業人員和單位要加強行業自律,創建文明行業。(2分)
④作為公民,要不斷加強科學文化修養和思想道德修養,自覺抵制低俗文化的影響。(2分)
36.(2009佛山2模10分)
除夕之夜,父親按去年的“價碼”給女兒發壓歲錢,卻被女兒無情退了回來。理山是:壓歲錢未與GDP實現同步增長。七天后,父親在加碼的情況下再發壓歲錢,不料女兒又提出要加收50元的滯納金。
運用《文化生活》的知識,簡要回答下列問題。
(1)簡要說明發壓歲錢是什么文化現象?(4分)
(2)如何看待材料中女兒行為的不合理之處?(6分)
36.答案要點:
(1)發壓歲錢是我國的一種傳統習俗。傳統習俗是指在一定社會群體中約定俗成、世代相傳的風尚、禮節和習慣,對人們的物質生活和精神生活產生持久的影響,是傳統文化的基本形式之一。(4分)
(2)①材料中女兒的行為錯誤地把市場規則照搬到道德領域中來,是不可取的。(2分)
②她應該正確對待我國傳統習俗,崇尚家庭美德,加強思想道德修養,大力弘揚社會主義榮辱觀。在遵守基本道德規范的基礎上,不斷追求更高的思想道德目標,不斷改造個人的主觀世界,以形成立確的世界觀、人生觀、價值觀。(4分)
37. (珠海市2009年高三年級第二次調研考試)
(10分)看漫畫,運用文化生活知識回答下列問題:

(1)右邊漫畫反映了社會生活中的什么問題?(2分)
(2)請談談你對上述問題的看法。(8分)
37. 答案要點:(1)漫畫反映了我國目前某些高考考生把高考與就業對立起來的錯誤看法,因為大學生就業難的問題,而放棄參加高考,放棄繼續接受教育和繼續學習的機會。(2分)
(2)①受教育既是公民的基本權利,也是公民的基本義務。作為我國公民積極參加高考,爭取機會接受高等教育,是每個公民依法享有的權利。(1分)②社會發展和人的發展是相互結合、相互促進的。人的全面發展對社會的進步具有巨大的促進作用。人的全面發展包含思想道德素質、科學文化素質和健康素質。積極參加高考,不放棄繼續接受高等教育的機會,有利于自身素質的全面提高。在當今社會,學習、工作和生活是相互交融,緊密聯系的,努力提高自身素質,有利于就業和創業,有利于提高自身的生活質量,從而,為我國全面小康社會建設作出更大的貢獻。(3分)③不放棄繼續深造的機會是建設“學習型社會”的需要。學習不僅是一種美德,而且已成為人們實際生活的“第一需要”。高等教育不是我們學習的唯一途徑,但為我們繼續深造,全面提高個人素質提供了難得機會。(2分)④積極接受高等教育也是提高我國國民素質的需要。一個國家國民整體素質的高低是反映一個國家文明進步的重要指標,也是提高我國文化軟實力的重要內容,因此,努力爭取機會接受高等教育,是具有現代公民責任意識的具體體現。(2分)
37.(廣東省江門市2009年高考第二次模擬考試)(10分)目前,在一些邊遠的山村,農民依然過著“早上聽雞叫,白天聽鳥叫,晚上聽狗叫”的日子。一些地方電視進了農家,電視內容卻不姓“農”;文娛節目年年新,農村文娛活動卻一年更比一年少;農民群眾精神空虛,邪教、迷信泛濫農村;傳統文化生活日漸失落,民間文藝后繼無人,這是當前一些農村文化生活的真實寫照。
請運用《文化生活》的相關知識,簡析當前應如何促進我國農村文化的繁榮發展?
37.(10分)答:(1)促進農村文化的繁榮發展,要牢牢把握先進文化的前進方向,扎實開展社會主義核心價值體系建設。改變農村目前的邪教、賭博等不良之風。(3分)
(2)促進農村文化繁榮發展,要加強農村社會主義精神文明建設。普及科學知識,弘揚科學精神,尊重科學,反對迷信。同時大力保護優秀民間藝術,支持農村文化產業的發展。(3分)
(3)促進農村文化繁榮發展,要大力發展廣大農民群眾所喜聞樂見的文化。努力貼近實際、貼近生活、貼近群眾,創新內容、創新形式、創新手段。(2分)
(4)促進農村文化繁榮發展,要立足于發展中國特色社會主義的偉大實踐,依靠廣大農民群眾,充分發揮農民群眾的積極性、主動性和創造性。(2分)
(注:若學生答“經濟決定文化,國家應加大投入,為農村的文化建設提供必要的物質保障,如實施家電下鄉工程等”,可酌情加1-2分,但該問總分不超過10分)
37 、(惠州市2009 屆高三第二次模擬考試)(10 分)看漫畫,運用《 文化生活》 的知識回答下列問題。

給互聯網打掃衛生
(1)你從漫畫中得到什么啟示?(4分)
(2)我們怎樣去推動社會主義文化的大繁榮大發展?(6分)
答案:(1)我們要整頓互聯網的低俗之風,凈化網絡空間。我們要明辨是非、善惡、美丑,踐行社會主義榮辱觀,在全社會扶正祛邪、揚善懲惡,引領良好風尚的形成和發展。我們要提高辨別不同性質文化的能力,拒絕不良文化的污染。我們要大力發展先進文化,支持健康有益文化,努力改造落后文化,堅決抵制腐朽文化。(4分)
(2)①推動社會主義文化的大繁榮大發展,必須堅持以馬克思主義為指導,用社會主義核心價值體系引領社會思潮,既尊重差異、包容多樣,又要有力抵制各種錯誤和腐朽思想的影響,不斷增強社會主義意識形態的吸引力和注意力。(3分)②要正確處理繼承與創新的關系,全面認識中華傳統文化,既要取其精華,去其糟粕,保持民族性,又要發展創新,體現時代性,增強文化發展活力。(1分)③要面向世界、博采眾長,吸收和借鑒一切先進的文化成果,增強中華文化的國際影響力。(1分)④要進一步培育和弘揚中華民族精神(1分)(其它答案言之有理可以酌情給分,但本小題得分不能超過6分。)
37.(揭陽市2009年高中畢業班第二次高考模擬考試)2008年我們經歷了太多的悲喜。然而,這個年度給我們的記憶不僅僅是悲傷或欣喜,還包括一種頑強向上生長的力量--在地震的陣痛中,我們重新認識了自己的不屈和堅韌;在奧運夢圓那一刻,在太空漫步那一瞬間,我們再次感受到中華民族的自信和自強;在金融風暴、奶粉事件等危機席卷而來的時候,我們更正視到了肩頭的責任和擔當。歷史將會記載2008中國不平凡經歷。
運用《文化生活》的知識,簡要回答下列問題。(10分)
(1)2008中國不平凡經歷,見證了中華民族怎樣的精神?
(2)我們應該怎樣弘揚和培育這種精神?
37.(10分)答案要點:
鞍山市2009年高三畢業班第二次質量調查
英 語
本試卷分第一卷 (選擇題)和第二卷(非選擇題)。總分150分,考試時間為120
分鐘。考生請將答案答在答題卡上,在本試卷上答題無效。考試結束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分:聽力(共兩節,每小題1.5分, 滿分30分)
第一節 (共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下列5段對話,每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一個小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1. How much was the driver`s tip?
A.$3.5 B.$
2. What does the woman mean?
A. She definitely wants to know about the meeting.
B. She would like to let him know about the next meeting.
C. She will give him a call to ask about the next meeting.
3. Where does the conversation take place?
A.At a hairdresser`s B. At a tailor`s C.At a photographer`s
4. What does the woman mean?
A.Jack has been on the paper for several days.
B.Jack is working hard on the paper.
C.He works only during the day.
5. What does the woman mean?
A.The paper must be handed in on time.
B.His request was made too late.
C.The paper can be handed in a few days late.
第二節(共15小題每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對話,回答第6至8兩個小題。現在,你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三個小題。
6.Why is the man going to the States?
A.to visit places of interest
B.to visit his friends
C.to attend a conference
7.When will the man leave for American?
A.in two weeks B.in mid-January C.on January 10th
8.What is the man?
A.a scientist B.a writer C.a traveler
聽下面一段對話,回答第9至10兩個小題。現在,你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三個小題。
9.Which month is it most likely now?
A.January B.March C.June
10.Which season was the best season last year?
A.Spring B.Summer C.Autumn
聽下面一段對話,回答第11至13兩個小題。現在,你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三個小題。
11.What are the man and the woman doing?
A.They are climbing the mountain.
B.They are playing basketball.
C.They are going down hill.
12.What happened to the man?
A.He has sprained(扭傷) his left ankle(腳踝).
B.He has sprained his right ankle.
C.He has sprained his waist.
13.What is the woman`s message?
A.be relaxed B.stop walking and relax C.sit down and rest
聽下面一段對話,回答第14至17三小題。現在,你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三個小題。
14.Why does the woman refuse to exchange the shoes for the man?
A.The man has kept the shoes for a week.
B.The man had no receipt for the shoes.
C.There is a sign reading no exchange after the shoes are sold.
15.What causes the woman to turn down refunding(退還) the man?
A.her manager`s order
B.her unknowing the price
C.her unknowing whose fault it is
16.Why does the man think it isn`t his fault?
A.because the shoes must be made badly
B.because the shoes must have been used before he bought them.
C.because he just wore the shoes for one time and then they were broken.
17.When did the man buy that pair of shoes?
A.last week B.last weekend C.yesterday
聽下面一段對話,回答第18至20三個小題。現在,你有15秒鐘的時間閱讀這三個小題。
18.What does the passage talk about?
A.selling a house B.doing housework C.losing a job
19.Why did the speaker sell her house?
A.Her husand had got a higher position.
B.Her husband had lost his job.
C.She wanted to have a cleaner house.
20.Why did the agent call on the speaker so early in the morning?
A.His telephone went out of order.
B.The buyers had to leave soon.
C.He began to work at 8 a.m.
第二部分:英語知識運用(共兩節,滿分45分)
第一節:單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
21.Journalism is described as __________science of searching, recording, and reporting_________ important events.
A. a;the B. a; / C. /; / D. /;the
22.The teacher thought his students needed more practice and learning skills _______ much homework.
A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. in place of
23.We are given a three-day holiday for May Day, but Harry is given ________ for his excellent work as a reward. That is, he has a six days’ holiday.
A. another three day B. other three days C. three more days D. three days
24. The prices of many kinds of the computers ______ quickly these days.
A. are raising B. rises C. raise D. are going up
25.The child, who was believed ___ by a tiger, was found in a forest.
A. to be killed B. having killed C. to have been killed D. to be killing
26.When I was having my holiday abroad, those children kept quarrelling and _______ my fun.
A. destroyed B. damaged C. injured D. spoiled
27.________ I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big company.
A.For the first time B. The first time
C. The first time when D. When the first time
28.If the person agrees,we sometimes use small recorders to make sure that we get all our facts straight.
A.interviewed B.being interviewed C.interviewing D.to be interviewed
29.―Sam, it's too late. Our daughter ________ be back.
―Don't be anxious. I dare say she ________ have some extra work to do.
A. can; must B. will; might C. should; must D. must; may
30. Mary’s gold ring _______ from her mother as a gift for her wedding.
A. came from B. came into C. came down D. came over
31. ______ production up by 40% , the company is certain to earn a lot this year.
A As B For C With D Though
32.― ______ was ________ they were going to San Francisco?
―Next week.
A. What; it that B. It; what C. When; that D. When; it that
33.―Well, where is my watch?
―_______! We just have two minutes left.
A. Take your time B. Come on C. Don't worry D. Take it easy
34. The old farmer has two sons, _________has got a job in the town and refused to do farming.
A.each of whom B.both of who C.all of them D. each of them
35. _______ has been done to prevent the factories from polluting the river, it remains a serious problem.
A. Though that B. What C. Though what D. Despite what
第二節:完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)
A weak old man went to live with his son,daughter-in-law, and four-year-old grandson. The family ate together at the table. But, the elderly grandfather`s 36 hands and failing sight made 37 difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon and food 38 onto the floor. When he held a glass, with his shaky hands, milk 39 on the tablecloth. His son and daughter-in-law became angry about the 40 .So, they put a small 41 in the corner. There Grandfather ate 42 , while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner together. 43 Grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a 44 bowl. When the family 45 in Grandfather`s direction, sometimes the old man had tears in his eyes. 46 ,the only words the couple had for him were 47 warnings, when he 48 a fork or spilt food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all in 49 .
One evening, before supper, the father noticed his son playing with wood pieces on the floor. He asked the child 50 , “What are you making?” Just as sweetly, the boy responded, “Oh, I am making little 51 for you and Mama to eat your food from when I grow up.” The four-year-old son smiled and went back to work.
The words so 52 the parents that they were speechless. Then tears started to stream down their cheeks. That evening, the husband took Grandfather`s hand and 53 led him back to the family table, and for rest of his 54 , he ate every meal with the family. And, for some reason, neither husband nor wife seemed to 55 any longer when a fork was dropped, or milk spilt.
36. A. shaky B.rough C. tough D. large
37. A. talking B.sleeping C.eating D.walking
38. A.spread B.rained C.lay D.covered
39. A.fell B.poured C.flowed D.spilt
40. A.trouble B.mess C.scene D.action
41. A.chair B.bench C.bed D.table
42. A.alone B.slowly C.carefully D.little
43. A.Though B.Because C.While D.Once
44. A.glass B.iron C.golden D.wooden
45. A.glanced B.turned C.moved D.pointed
46. A.Then B.Therefore C.Besides D.However
47. A.valuable B.sharp C.useless D.high
48. A.broke B.brought C.dropped D.touched
49. A.silence B.joy C.amusement D.disappointing
50. A.curiously B.quietly C.angrily D.sweetly
51. A.boxes B.bowls C.tools D.toys
52. A.puzzled B.moved C.struck D.frightened
53. A.gently B.quickly C.actually D.happily
54. A.meal B.days C.stay D.belongings
55. A.worry B.notice C.shout D.care
第三部分:閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分,滿分40分)
第一節 (共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
A
A man accused of failing to return more than 700 children’s books to five different libraries in the county was released(釋放) from prison after a book publisher agreed to post his bond(保釋金)of $1,000.The publisher said.“There’s a story here.This is a man who loves books.He just can’t let go of them.He hasn’t stolen a single book.So what’s the crime ? We think that Mr Banish has story to tell.We plan to publish his story.”
When asked why he didn’t return the books. Mr Banish said,”Well,how could I ? They became family to me.I was afraid to return them,because I knew that kids or dogs would get hold of these books and chew them up,throw them around,tear the pages,spill soda on them,get jelly and jelly on them,and drown them in the toilet.
He continued,“Books are people,too! They talk to you,they take care of you,and they enrich you with wisdom,humor and love.A book is a guest in my home.How could I kick it out? I repaired torn pages.I dusted them with a soft clean cloth.I turned their pages so they could breathe and get some fresh air.”
“Every week I recognized them on their shelves so they could meet new friends,My books were HAPPY books.You could tell just by looking at them.Now they’re all back in the libraries,on the lower shelves,on the floors,at the mercy of all those runny-nosed kids I can hear them calling me.I need to rescue them.Excuse me.I have to go now.”
56.Why was the man put into prison?
A.Because the book publisher persuaded the police to do so.
B.Because he stole 700 children’s books from the five different libraries.
C.Because he refused to return the books that he had borrowed.
D.Because he wanted to publish his story.
57.How did the man treat books?
A.He treated them as his family.
B.He treated them as his own children.
C.He treated them as his furniture.
D.He treated them as his job .
58.What might happen after the man was set free?
A.He might stop borrowing books.
B.He might start a library of his own.
C.He might go on borrowing books from libraries.
D.He might return all his books.
59.What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A.A funny thief who loves stealing books.
B.A person who refuses to return borrowed books and wants to look after them.
C.A person who is crazy about books so he keeps stealing them from the library.
D.A person who may have some mental problems.
B
Special trees that grow faster, fight pollution, produce better wood, and even sense chemical attacks are being planted by scientists in the US.
When 40 percent of Hawaii's US$14 million-a-year papaya (木瓜)industry was destroyed by a virus five years ago, work began on creating genetically engineered (轉基因的) trees.
Researchers successfully introduced seeds that were designed to resist the virus. Since then, more and more people have been testing genetically engineered trees.
Some researchers put special bacteria into trees to help them grow faster and produce better wood. Others are trying to create trees that can clean polluted soil.
Meanwhile fruit farmers are looking for trees that are strong enough to resist worms, and paper companies want trees that produce more wood and therefore more paper.
The Pentagon (五角大樓) even gave the researchers US$500,000 this year after they developed a pine tree that changes its colours if it senses a chemical attack.
So far, the poplar, eucalyptus (楊樹與桉樹), apple and coffee trees are among those being engineered. All this can be done today because we have a better understanding of tree genomes (基因組).
However, some people fear that the genetically engineered trees will cause dangerous results. They are worried that the new trees will breed (繁殖)with natural species and change the balance of the forest environment.
"It could be destructive," said Jim Diamond, an environmentalist. '"Trees are what is left of our natural environment and home to many endangered species."
But researchers insist that science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural and man-made dangers.
They hope to answer the critics (批評家)by stopping the new trees from breeding, so their effect on the environment can be controlled.
60. Which kind of tree is not the ones that scientists are planting in the US?
A. Trees that worms can't hurt.
B. Trees that can sense a chemical attack.
C. Trees that can resist wind better.
D. Genetically engineered trees.
61. What caused the American scientists to work on special trees directly?
A. They think science could give nature a fighting chance against both natural and man-made dangers.
B. Great numbers of trees have been lost due to attacks by viruses.
C. Researchers successfully introduced seeds designed to resist the virus.
D. Tree genomes are mapped out so scientists know how to improve trees.
62. Which of the following was probably the first kind of trees being engineered?
A. Papaya. B. Pine. C. Apple. D. Poplar.
63. Why did critics think engineered trees dangerous? Because _________.
A. these trees can destroy the balance of nature
B. everything except trees has been genetically engineered
C. trees are home to many endangered species
D. these trees may affect normal trees
C
People who spend more pre-bedtime(睡前)hours using the Internet or watching television are more likely to report that they don`t get enough sleep, even though they sleep almost as long as people who spend fewer pre-bedtime hours in front of a computer or televison screen, survey findings show.
“The longer media use before sleep can trigger self-perceived(自我感覺的)insufficient(不足的)sleep,” lead researcher Dr Nakamori Suganuma of Osaka University said.
He and colleagues obtained data on self-perceived sleep problems and the use of electronic media before bedtime from a total of 5875 Japanese respondents in two separate Internet-based surveys.
Nearly half of the respondents linked their lack of sleep with electronic media use before bedtime. Those reporting longer electronic media use were also more likely to report insufficient sleep.
Overall,29 percent of light users (less than 1.5 hours)listed electronic media use as a possible cause of their insufficient sleep. By comparison, 40 percent of medium (中級的)users(1.5 to 3 hours) and 54 percent of heavy users (more than 3 hours) said the same.
However, longer Internet and television use before bedtime was not linked with less actual sleep. While heavy users averaged about 3 more hours in front of computer or television screens than light users, the heavy users averaged only about 12 minutes less pre-workday sleep than light users.Suganuma said, “Internet use affected self-perceived insufficient sleep more than TV watching in both younger Internet users and middle-aged or aged users.”
Up to 38 percent of the respondents listed accessing the Internet far into the night as a possible cause for their sleep disturbance ,while about 25 percent said watching television far into the night caused their sleep problems.The findings suggest that while heavy computer and television use before bedtime has a small effect on sleep duration, it may have a more significant effect on “sleep demand and sleep quality.” Suganuma notes.
64. The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 2 means “________”.
A.remove B.cause C.increase D.decrease
65. From the passage, we learn________.
A. what kind of people have less actual sleep
B. self-perceived insufficient sleep is linked to electronic media use
C. Why the use of electronic media before bedtime affects sleep
D. Using electronic media before bedtime makes people sleepless
66. Which of the following is NOT a result of the survey?
A. People who use electronic media longer before bedtime are more likely to report
insufficient sleep.
B. About 38 percent of the respondents think accessing the Internet far into the night is a cause for sleep disturbances.
C. Internet use affects self-perceived insufficient sleep more than watching TV.
D. Most self-perceived insufficient sleep is connected with electronic media use before bedtime.
D
Experts say the American state of Hawaii has been affected by a small frog called the coqui(科基蛙) .There may be millions of the small frogs in Hawaii.However, they do not belong there. They are normally found in the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico and in the southeastern United States.These coqui frogs are harming Hawaii`s environment, and the extremely loud noise they make is causing problems for Hawaiian citizens and visitors. The coquis arrived in Hawaii about ten years ago. They are believed to have been brought in accidentally in shipments of plants from Puerto Rico or Florida. Their numbers have sharply increased. They have quickly spread around the Hawaiian Islands and all hidden in plants.
The coqui is a brown frog about five centimeters long. During the day, the frogs hide in wet protected areas, such as under plant leaves. At night , the frogs move onto trees to feed, call to females and mate(交配).
In their native Puerto Rico, local people celebrate coqui frogs. But in Hawaii, the foreign frog is thought as a harmful animal.The coqui frogs are a major threat to Hawaii`s environmental system. The frogs eat thousands of insects every night .These insects are important to plants ,and are also important food for Hawaii`s native.
The frogs are also affecting the tourism industry in Hawaii. Increasing numbers of hotels, visitors and local people are disturbed by the loud calls made by male coqui frogs to female frogs.At night ,the noise often makes it difficult for people to sleep. The mating call of the male coqui sounds like: “ Ko-Kee! Ko-Kee!” That is how they got their name.
The frogs do not have any natural enemies in Hawaii to reduce their population size. The warm weather permits them to lay eggs all year long.
Many efforts have been made in Hawaii to stop the spread of the coqui. The Hawaiian Department of Agriculture is trying to find an effective chemical that can be safely used to kill the frogs. Until then, the only way to catch the frogs is by hand.
67.Coqui frogs get their name from________.
A. the sound of their loud calls
B. their shape and colour
C. their coming from other parts of the USA
D. people who dislike them
68.Which of the following is NOT a reason why people in Hawaii dislike coquis?
A. They are harming Hawaii`s environment.
B. They have a bad effect on tourism.
C. They eat insects which are important for plants.
D. They hide in wet places and make loud sounds during the day.
69.Which of the following contributes to the increasing number of coquis in Hawaii?
A. There aren`t any animals in the world which eat coquis.
B. They are easy to catch.
C. They are easy to breed (繁殖)there.
D. They eat a lot of insects in one night.
70.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Coquis―Good or Harmful Animals?
B. Coquis―A Big Threat to Hawaii
C. Coquis Make Sleep Difficult
D. Coquis―the Number Sharply Increased
第二節(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。備選答案中有兩項為多余選項。
Why do some people have many friends while others do not? 71 However, it is not so. Let’s look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.
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