Question

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts say the ___1___ is to make jobs more varied(多樣的). But do more varied jobs ___2___ greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that ___3___variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it doesn’t ___4___ make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, ___5___ is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker___6___ to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The ___7___ is that this kind of freedom can’t easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated(復雜的) machinery which must be used in a ___8___ way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to ___9___ it.

Another important ___10___ is how much each worker ___11___ to the product he is making. In most factories the worker ___12___ only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now ___13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his___14___. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor ___15___ it is one we can do something about.

To what___16___ does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is ___17___. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. ___18___ just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A ___19___ argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we ___20___ making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

1. A. answer   B. course C. attempt      D. system

2. A. run across      B. lead to       C. result from D. pick up

3. A. because  B. as       C. while  D. as though

4. A. mentally B. physically   C. carefully    D. actually

5. A. variety   B. relaxation C. creativity    D. machinery

6. A. judgement     B. freedom     C. direction    D. comfort

7. A. secret     B. skill    C. problem     D. strength

8. A. amusing B. dull    C. changeable D. fixed

9. A. use  B. create  C. supply D. fear

10. A. measure       B. invention    C. consideration     D. work

11. A. lies       B. sticks  C. objects       D. contributes

12. A. likes     B. equips C. transports   D. sees

13. A. tired     B. pleased       C. worrying       D. experimenting

14. A. own     B. will    C. line     D. hand

15. A. but       B. and     C. so       D. however

16. A. extent   B. quality       C. store   D. difference

17. A. natural  B. important   C. worrying    D. unbelievable

18. A. Rest     B. Sports C. Money       D. Playing

19. A. complete      B. friendly      C. given  D. similar

20. A. advise   B. succeed in  C. object to     D. are tried of

Answer 1

1-5ABCDA 6-10BCDBC 11-15DDDCA 16-20ABCDB

解析:

本文主要是圍繞如何提高工人的生產力展開的。

1. A。前面說“許多國家面臨這種問題，就是如何才能使工人生產力高”，一些專家說“該問題的答案就是使工作多樣性”。

2. B。作者發出質疑，“工作多樣性就能導致更大的生產力嗎”。lead to“導致”。

3. C。由句子it doesn’t ___4___ make him work harder可知前面的連詞表示“盡管”之意。

4. D。本句話意思是“有跡象表明盡管多樣性能夠使工人的生活更具有享受性，但實際上它并不能使工人們更努力地工作”。actually“實際上”。

5. A。上面介紹了“多樣性”這個話題，所以現在予以總結“多樣性不是重要的因素”。

6. B。由后面的解釋to do his job in his own way，可知“這是一種自由的表現形式”。

7. C。本句話中that從句中的內容是存在的一個“問題”。

8. D。復雜的機械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。

9. B。根據意思“盡管選擇的自由可能重要，通常不能有為選擇它做什么。”create“做”。

10. C。上文提到“給工人們更多的自由”，這是專家所考慮的一個方案，所以推斷是“另外一個重要的考慮”。

11. D。本句話意思是“另外一個重要的考慮就是每個工人對他生產的產品貢獻了多少”。

12. D。每個工人只負責產品的某一個環節，所以認為“工人只能看到產品的一個部分”。

13. D。提到的作法只不過是一些汽車廠家的實驗。

14. C。由句子Some car factories are now __13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one可知，所填詞表示“生產線”比較恰當。

15. A。本句話為not only…but (also)結構。

16. A。作者再次提出問題“更多的錢能夠帶來更大的生產率究竟到什么程度”。extent“程度”。

17. B。工人工作主要是為了賺錢，故推斷“他們認為上面的提法很重要”。

18. C。由句子But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. 推測。

19. D。“用增加錢的方法來提高生產力”與“要求縮短工作時間來提高生產力”具有“相似”之處。

20. B。從“他們既不多要錢，也不想縮短工作時間”，可以推測“是在我們能夠把工作變得更有趣的前提下”。succeed in“成功做某事”。