Question

You want something you can’t get by behaving within the rules, and you want it badly enough you’ll do it regardless of any guilt or deep regret, and you’re willing to run the risk of being caught. That’s how Ladd Wheeler, psychology professor at the University of Rochester in New York, defines cheating. Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. "We’re suffering a moral breakdown," Pinkard says. "We’re seeing more of the kind of person who regards the world as a series of things to be dealt with. Whether to cheat depends on whether it’s in the person’s interest." He does, however, see less cheating among the youngest students. Richard Dienstbier, psychology professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, believes that society’s attitudes explain much of the increase in cheating. "Twenty years ago if a person cheated in college, that is extremely serious, he will be dropped for a semester if not kicked out permanently," he says. "Nowadays, at the University of Nebraska, for example, it is the stated policy of the College of Arts and Science that if a student cheats in an exam, the student must receive an "F" on what he cheated in. That’s nothing. If you’re going to fail anyway, why not cheat? Cheating is most likely in situations where the interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low," says social psychologist Lynn Kahle of the University of Oregon in Eugene.

1. The passage focuses on ________.

A. making the reader believe that cheating is immoral       

B. discussing the reasons for cheating

C. describing how students cheat in exams                       

D. suggesting how to control cheating

2. Cheating tends to occur in all the following situations except when ________.

A. one wants something badly             B. one can’t get something in a right way

C. it is not very likely to be found out       D. a series of things have to be dealt with

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. It is forgivable to cheat unless money is involved. 

B. There has been an increase in cheating.

C. Most cheaters are college students.                       

D. Cheaters do not feel guilty and regretful.

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Cheating is widespread because society is too understanding.

B. Cheating is the result of heavy pressure.

C. Cheating is cheating, whether in a test or on any other occasions.

D. Cheating comes together with civilization

Answer 1

1-4 BDBA

解析:

1. 主旨題。文章一開頭心理學家Ladd Wheeler即提出作弊的定義，并提出Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. 觀點，接下來主要分析人們作弊的原因，特別是文章最后兩句，因此，B項是最佳答案。

2.  推斷題。根據文章開頭對作弊的定義可知A、B符合作弊的條件，再結合the chances of getting caught are low知C項也符合作弊的條件，因此，D項不屬于作弊的條件。

3. 細節題。A項與文中的We’re suffering a moral break down不符，即作弊不是道德的；B項與文中的Many experts believe cheating is on the rise相符合，故為正確答案；C項文章中并沒作明確說明；D項與文章中作弊的定義不符。

4. 推斷題。由文中的believes that society’s attitudes explain much of the increase in cheating可推知A項正確