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The average human experiences a lot of dreams while they sleep at night. But what exactly do they mean? The following explanations deal with four most common dreams and some of the possible meanings behind them, according to experts. Please note that, while certainly interesting, dream analysis is a highly subjective(主觀的) field of study.
Dreams about being chased (追逐)
Dreaming about being chased generally means you may be avoiding a person or something painful, annoying or fearful.
It could be a reminder that trying to avoid the problem could lead to more such dreams. Most people dream about being chased at one point or another. It’s both common and natural.
Dreams about death
According to Jeffrey Sumber, a psychotherapist (精神治療師) and author, dreams about death often indicate “the ending of something, whether that’s a job or a relationship”. He suggests a dream about death can also indicate attempts to remove anxiety or anger. These dreams don’t suggest a person will actually die, he explains.
There are no tricks when it comes to avoiding such dreams. The only way is to do our inner work and make peace with it.
People who have dreams about death tend to be those who are entering an uncertain period in their life. It could be a life-changing event that creates anxiety and fear of the unknown.
Dreams about falling
Dreaming about falling can have a physiological basis, according to Cathleen O’ Connor, Ph. D. As the body goes deep into sleep and the nervous system begins to be quiet, blood pressure and heart rate drop and this change can cause a falling dream.
O’Connor says that dreaming about falling is the mind’s way of warning the dreamer of a situation in his or her waking life where they feel out of control.
“If dreams of falling bring feelings of fear, you should realize that the goal is not to avoid them but rather to work with those dreams in your waking state and deal with the fear so you can regain your balance,” O’ Connor says.
Dreams about celebrities (名人)
“Celebrities carry some kind of message that’s associated with personal achievements or lack,” says Shelley Smith, founding director of the Yoga Health & Therapy Center. “A person dreaming about a celebrity is looking for inspiration … or some characteristic that is associated with that celebrity.
“That’s one of the features of dream images, and they are not under our control,” Smith says. “Your experience while you’re sleeping is coming from a place that’s totally unconscious (無意識的).”
“There is no one group that we can say has this particular dream more than another,” she says, “The image is energetic and specific to what the person’s need is. For example, accomplishment, health, and rising to the top --- whatever is associated with that celebrity.
|
Title |
Four common dreams and why we have them |
|
|
Introduction |
Experts think that dreams may have possible meanings behind them, the analysis of which is1. _______ but subjective. |
|
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Dreams |
Meanings |
2._______ to deal with such dreams |
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About being3. _______after |
Maybe you’re trying to4._______someone or something that is painful, annoying or fearful. |
5.______ the problem bravely and realize that such dreams are natural and common. |
|
About being dead |
● You will6.______ what you are experiencing, such as a job or a relationship. ● Your anxiety or fear from a life- changing event will be7._____from your life. |
Do the inner work and make peace with it. |
|
About falling |
● It may result from the8.______ of the nervous system. ● You find something out of control. |
Work with such dreams when you are awake and 9._______ the fear. |
|
About celebrities |
Maybe you are looking for something you want to achieve or 10._______. |
Let them alone, because they come out of unconsciousness. |
1.interesting
2.How/Ways
3.run
4.avoid
5.Face
6.end
7.removed
8.change
9.handle
10.lack
【解析】
試題分析：文章主要解釋了一些夢的含義。每個人都會做夢，但是它們有什么寓意呢？文章接著介紹了夢到被追趕、夢到死亡、夢到摔倒、夢到名人這四個夢，以及它們背后的寓意。
1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Please note that, while certainly interesting, dream analysis is a highly subjective(主觀的) field of study.”可知，對夢的解析既有趣又客觀，故填interesting。
2.根據(jù)“It’s both common and natural...The only way is to do our inner work and make peace with it.”可知，文章在介紹了一個夢之后，接著介紹應(yīng)對的方法，how to do sth如何做某事；ways to do sth做某事的方法，故填How/Ways。
3.根據(jù)“Dreams about being chased (追逐)”可知，第一個夢是“夢到被人追趕”，run after追趕，故填run。
4.根據(jù)“...generally means you may be avoiding a person or something painful, annoying or fearful”可知，夢到被追趕通常意味著你正在試圖避開某人或一些痛苦、恐懼的事情。故填avoid。
5.根據(jù)“It could be a reminder that trying to avoid the problem could lead to more such dreams. Most people dream about being chased at one point or another. It’s both common and natural.”可知，夢到被追趕是在提醒一個人，他正在努力逃避一些問題，大多數(shù)人都會有類似的夢，這很正常，也很自然。因此，應(yīng)該勇敢面對，故填Face。
6.根據(jù)“the ending of something, whether that’s a job or a relationship”可知，夢到死亡是某事的結(jié)束，不管是工作還是關(guān)系，故填end。
7.根據(jù)“He suggests a dream about death can also indicate attempts to remove anxiety or anger.”可知，夢到死亡預(yù)示著試圖消除焦慮或生氣。故填removed。
8.根據(jù)“As the body goes deep into sleep and the nervous system begins to be quiet, blood pressure and heart rate drop and this change can cause a falling dream.”可知，進入深度睡眠以后，神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)開始變得安靜，血壓和心率開始下降，這些改變會導(dǎo)致一個下落的夢，故填change。
9.根據(jù)“work with those dreams in your waking state and deal with the fear so you can regain your balance”可知，應(yīng)該在清醒狀態(tài)下解決這些夢，處理恐懼，deal with處理，相當(dāng)于handle，故填handle。
10.根據(jù)“Celebrities carry some kind of message that’s associated with personal achievements or lack”可知，夢到名人所表達的信息是個人成就或缺失，故填lack。
考點：自然科學(xué)類短文閱讀
科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年安徽泗縣雙語中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
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The Chinese are very generous(慷慨大方的) when it comes to educating their children. Some parents send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia, regardless of how much this costs. Many also want their children to take extra-curriculum activities where they either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is, so parents often spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples buy a computer for their son or daughter.
However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap. Parents can see that their children's skills vary; they will usually be skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today's children lack self-respect and self-confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study effectively. They are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.
Parents can help achieve this by teaching their children practical skills like cooking, sewing and other housework.
Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully. The result, a well-cooked dinner, will give a child a lot of satisfaction and confidence.
An old machine such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child as a toy may make him curious and arouse his interest. If he will spend hours looking at it, and try to mend it; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. Such activities do more than teach a child to read a book; but rather they teach them to think, and to use their minds. This is much more important than learning by reading a book.
| Title | How Chinese Parents Should 【小題1】________ Their Children |
| Common practice | Being 【小題2】_________ with money when it comes to education. Sending them to the best schools or 【小題3】__________. Taking extra-curriculum activities so as to 【小題4】__________ a head start in life. Spending more money than they can afford on education. |
| Bad results | Children's lacking in self-respect and【小題5】___________. |
| Suggested 【小題6】__________ | Teaching their children practical skills, which are of the greatest 【小題7】____________. Cooking. Sewing. Other housework. 【小題8】__________ a broken radio or TV. |
| 【小題9】_______ results | To make the children hardworking and confident. To enable them to 【小題10】____________ and to use their minds. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學(xué)年江蘇省興化市文正實驗學(xué)校高二上學(xué)期10月月度檢測英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
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Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situation—for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（the opposite of “temporary”）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, for example, friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness as heart disease, while temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
Loneliness and Disease
| Three different types of【小題1】 | The most common type is 【小題2】 . It disappears quickly and 【小題3】 no special attention. |
| The second type is situation, which usually lasts for 【小題4】 than a year. | |
| The 【小題5】 kind is chronic, which means if people experience habitual loneliness, they’ll have problems socializing with others | |
| An important 【小題6】 in loneliness | With the help of Psychologists, we know a person’s social contact is one important factor. |
| We depend on a wide variety of people for different reasons. For instance, we have interests and activities 【小題7】 to our friends’. | |
| 【小題8】 people may have many social contacts, but they sometimes feel they should have more. | |
| The 【小題9】 for finding ways to help the lonely people | One is that they are unhappy and unable to socialize. |
| The other is that temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad condition, sometimes 【小題10】 too. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試試題（英語） 題型：其他題
.
第II卷（兩部分共35分）
第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
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In addition to self-awareness, imagination, and conscience, it is the fourth quality — independent will — that really makes effective self-management possible. It is the ability to make decisions and choices and to act in agreement with them. It is the ability to act rather than to be acted upon, to actively carry out the program we have developed through the other three qualities.
The human will is an amazing thing. Time after time, it has overcome unbelievable difficulties. The Helen Kellers of this world give dramatic(給人深刻印象的) evidence to the value, the power of the independent will.
But as we examine this quality in the context of effective self-management, we realize it’s usually not the dramatic, the visible, the once-in-a-lifetime, up-by-the-bootstraps(自立自強的) effort that brings lasting success. This special ability comes from learning how to use this great quality in the decisions we make every day.
The degree to which we have developed our independent will in our everyday lives is measured by our personal honesty. Honesty is, fundamentally, the value we place on ourselves. It’s our ability to make and keep promises to ourselves, to “walk our talk.”
Effective management is putting first things first. While leadership decides what “first things” are, it is management that puts them first, day-by-day, moment-by-moment. Management is discipline (training to be self-controlled), carrying it out.
Discipline obtains from belief—belief in a set of values, belief in an overriding(最主要的) purpose, to a long-term or short term goal that must be carried out.
In other words, if you are an effective manager of yourself, your discipline comes from within; it is a function of your independent will. You are a follower of your own deep values and their source. And you have the will, the quality to control your feelings and moods rather than depend on others or have your work half done.
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Title |
The power of independent will |
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Theme |
Independent will makes self-management (71) . |
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Reasons |
·The example given to (72) power of independent will is amazing. ·Power of independent will helps to make one’s (73) every day. ·(74) is very important to develop our independent will. ·It’s our ability to have our promises made and (75) . |
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Suggestions |
·Effective managers should know (76) should be done first. ·Effective managers with discipline should (77) to their promises. |
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(78) |
·You (79) your deep values. ·Your feelings and moods are able to be (80) . |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學(xué)年江蘇省鹽城市高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語題 題型：填空題
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When it comes to the prevention of heart disease, women need to pay attention to their own special risks. And so do men. Surprisingly, even children and teens need to be aware- or at least the parents who want to keep them safe do. Thankfully, scientists have also made great leaps in figuring out the specific prevention strategies that work best for all. So now, knowledge is your best protection.
What Men Need to Know
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), at least half of the people who die suddenly from heart disease each year had no clue they were sick. Some think that half of all heart attacks strike out of the blue. Not true, insists Jennifer Mieres, a spokeswoman for the AHA. A 2004 study found that at least 90 percent of first heart attacks are caused by well-known problems like high cholesterol(膽固醇) or diabetes. “If you look closely,” says she, “you’ll almost always find a risk factor that was undiscovered, ignored, or not adequately treated.”
Lifestyle changes like adopting a healthy diet, getting out for regular exercise, avoiding tobacco, losing weight are the first line of defense.
What Women Need to Know
There are some special considerations for the women who are healthy and want to make sure they stay that way. First, they shouldn't smoke-no one should, but the habit is even harder on women's heart than it is on men's.
Women who find that they are at risk should talk to their doctor about taking a statin(他汀,藥物名). Indeed, statins reduce the risk of heart disease, but there has been not enough evidence that they help high-risk women and it can't guarantee the long-term safety. So it's worth noting that a healthy diet and exercise also reduce cholesterol.
What Parents Need to Know
Last year, a study showed that overweight children and teens have arteries(動脈)that look like those of an average 45-year-old. New guidelines say these children should get a cholesterol test by age ten -- and even urge doctors to consider statins for those most at risk if nothing else works. The recommendations caused oppositions. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise are the best strategy, says Dr. Greer, a professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine. Statins should be considered only for kids in danger.
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Title: The Family Guide to a Healthy Heart |
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|
Theme |
All people, regardless of their gender(性別) and 1._____, should pay attention to their own special risks and keep some basic knowledge in mind to 2______ heart disease. |
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Things Men Need to Know |
▲ Such problems as high cholesterol or diabetes3____ to most of first heart attacks. ▲ They should make changes in their lifestyle, like adopting a healthy diet, exercise4____ , avoiding tobacco and losing weight. |
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Things Women Need to Know |
▲ 5____ should be avoided, which will do more6_____ to a woman's heart than to a man's. ▲ Statins may not work on high-risk women and can’t guarantee safety in the long 7_______ ▲ With a healthy diet and exercise, one’s cholesterol can be 8.________. |
|
Things Parents Need to Know |
▲ Research showed that overweight children and teens’ arteries are 9._____ to those of an average 45-year-old. ▲ Children should change the way they live without taking statins unless in 10_______. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年江蘇省高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語卷 題型：其他題
任務(wù)型閱讀：請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每空一個單詞。
Many animal lovers would like to do more to help animals, but aren’t sure where to start or feel like they just don’t have the time. The good news is that there are many simple things you can do to help protect animals.
Think twice before you decide
The decisions you make when it comes to eating meat or other animal products can go a long way toward stopping the killing of animals. Consider eating a vegetarian（素食的） diet. If you aren’t ready to make this change, there are still things you can do. Do not buy animal products from companies known to use practices that go against the law such as using drugs to increase milk production in cows.
Help get the word out
Getting the word out about the problems faced by animals can be as easy as putting up a notice on your car. Also, talk to your friends and family members about important issues that are related to animals. Give some simple advice to a friend with a new pet about the serious pet over-population problem we’re facing. Turn to some books on the subject if you are not so clear about the advice you give your friend.
Write a letter
We’ve all heard the saying, “ The pen is more powerful than the sword”. Put this idea to the protection of animals. If a company has practices or rules that are harmful to animals, write them a letter to let them know you are angry about them, and that you won’t buy their products until they make some changes. Write letters to state and local legislators（立法者） to let them know how important it is that they support legislation that protects animals. Make them know that their actions will have a great effect on your vote.
Be more loving
If you’re considering adding a dog or a cat to your family, think about getting one from a homeless-animal house rather than buying a pet. There are many wonderful animals just waiting for a home. By taking back an animal from there, you will be helping in the fight against pet over-population, as well as giving your money to those who are responsible for taking care of pitiful animals.
Let your actions be an example to others
It may sound simple ,but one of the best ways to help animals is to let your actions speak to the world. You should do the following things first by yourself: Treat all living creatures with respect. Care about your pets and look after them well. Avoid (避免)entertainment places that use animals to perform. Support legislation （立法）that protects animals. All of these things set an example for others to follow.
Title: Ways of ___1.____ animals
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Think about your _2._____ carefully |
●Don’t eat meat or animal products. ●____3.__ to buy animal products from companies that have illegal practices |
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Get the word out |
●Put up an animal-protection _4._____ on the car ●Talk to your friends and family members about important animal issues ●Give your friends some simple__5.____on the pet over-population problem ●Get help from books if necessary |
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Write letters |
●Let those companies that are doing harm to animals know about your __6.____ ●Let legislators know the __7.___ of their support for legislation that protects animals |
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Be more loving |
●Get a pet from a homeless-animal house |
|
Act as an example to others |
●Treat all living creatures with respect. ●Take good _8.____ of your pets ●Do not go to places where animals ____9.____ ●Support legislation which is ___10.____ for animals. |
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