Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation(創新) that threatens the survival of companies everywhere. It’s based on the assumption that old ideas will always work, so they shouldn’t be challenged. While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don’t change, it’s unlikely to hold true in a changing situation. In today’s rapid changing global environment, old methods often don't work, and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems.
Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security. If everyone else believes it, then it must be true. Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right, and being right is good. They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work. In 1977, Ken Olsen, co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), stated “There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home.” Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry, DEC no longer exists.
People seem to forget that since innovation is a change, there can be no innovation without change. Unfortunately, conventional wisdom prevents leaders, followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating. If companies don’t innovate, but their competitors do, the future is likely to be problematic. Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries, so it has a powerful effect on business success.
Ted Turner (founder of CNN) knew little, if anything, about the news business, but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour, as was common before CNN. Turner’s solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day. The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day. However, it doesn’t take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don’t have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work. Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information. Due to conventional thinking, the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted. They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future.
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity, flexibility and risk-taking, so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it. To survive, thrive and maintain competitive advantage, companies must be flexible when reacting to change.
1.DEC has disappeared probably because ___________.
A. the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas
B. the leaders lacked the sense of security
C. the consumers didn’t like its products
D. the employees took many risks with changes
2. The founding of CNN is used as an example to prove _________.
A. missing opportunities could lead to failure
B. conventional wisdom influences business success
C. watching news at the dinner hour is convenient
D. changing could contribute to business success
3. What does the underlined part probably mean?
A. Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly.
B. It’s easy to know people needn’t watch the news all the time
C. It’s necessary to understand when people watch the news.
D. Most of the viewers don’t like to watch the news at work.
4.The passage is mainly written to tell us that ______.
A. conventional wisdom limits innovation
B. opportunities lead to business success
C. old methods are changing with time
D. successful companies need wise leaders
科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學年吉林松原油田高中高一下4月考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達
書面表達
假如你們學校英語愛好者俱樂部對“良好飲食習慣”這一話題進行討論，請根據下列提示，用英語寫一篇發言稿。內容要點應包括：
部分同學的飲食習慣 | 良好的飲食習慣 | 個人看法 |
不吃早餐 愛吃零食 偏食 飲食過度 | 飲食多樣化 飲食定時定量 | 重要性；有助于身體健康 |
注意：
1. 發言稿必須包括所有內容要點，可適當發揮;
2. 發言稿開頭和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數；
3. 記數；100 左右
4. 參考詞匯：偏食 be particular about food 零食 snack
Dear friends,
As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits.
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That’s all. Thank you!
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆江西南昌市高三第一次模擬考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：七選五
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
The Lost Rules of Etiquette
Etiquette, or good manners, used to be the glue that held society together. 1. Sadly, these days it has mostly gone by the wayside. This list is several best rules of etiquette that have now disappeared.
Opening the Door
In days gone by, a gentleman would always open doors for ladies. 2. This h8s now almost entire-ly disappeared-and it is pot entirely the fault of the men. I have seen women laugh at men for opening a door for them. They seem to be confusing manners with chauvinism(大男子主義)．
Writing Thank-You Notes
In days gone by, whenever a person received a gift, they would write a thank-you note as soon as possible. 3. Parents would sit children down after a birthday or Christmas and coach them in their first thank-you note. It is a shame that gift giving has now become a virtual obligation and the idea of a thank-you note would be laughed at.
4.
We seem to have completely lost the concept of correct timing when it comes to parties these days.
5. After all, a party normally has a guest of honor-this is usually the oldest woman present. It was considered extremely rude in the past to leave a party before the guest of honor-and once the guest of honor left, it was a signal to all that they should begin their own preparations to leave.
A. Arriving on Time.
B. Leaving at the Right Time.
C. People leave with various excuses.
D. It enabled people to get on well with each other.
E. This rule was true even if the giver was a relative.
F. It could be the lady they were driving, or a stranger.
G. We've thrown away the concept of a guest of honor at will.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆湖北省沙市高三下期第三次半月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空
完形填空
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
A Father's Love
Daddy just didn’t know how to show love. It was Mom who ________ the family together. He just went to work every day and came home; she’d have a list of things we’d done wrong and he’d scold us about them.
Once when I stole a candy bar, he ________ me take it back and tell the man I stole it and that I’d pay for it. But it was Mom who ________ I was just a kid.
I broke my leg once on the playground and it was Mom who held me in her arms all the way to the ________ . Dad pulled the car ________ up to the door of the emergency room and when they asked him to move it saying the space was________ for emergency vehicles, He shouted, “What do you think this is? A tour bus?”
At my birthday parties, Dad always seemed sort of ________ . He just ________ himself in blowing up balloons, setting up tables, and running errands(跑腿）. It was Mom who carried the cake with the candles on it for me to blow out.
When I look through picture albums, people always ask, “What does your Dad look like?” “Who knows? He was always running around with the camera taking everyone else’s picture. I ________ have a thousand pictures of Mom and me smiling together.”
I remember when Mom told him to teach me how to ride a bicycle. I told him not to________, but he said it was time. ________ I fell and Mom ran to pick me up, but he ________ her off. I was so ________ that I shouted at him, got right back on the bike and rode it myself. He didn’t even feel embarrassed and just ________ .
When I went to college, Mom did all the writing. He just sent checks and a little note about how ________ his lawn(草坪） looked ________ I wasn’t playing football on it.
Whenever I ________ home, he acted like he wanted to talk, ________ he always said, “I’ ll get your mother.”When I got married, it was Mom who cried. He just blew his nose ________ and left the room. All my life he said, “Where are you going? What time are you coming home? No, you cannot go.”
Daddy just didn’t know how to show love, unless…
Is it possible he showed it and didn’t ________ it ?
1.A. put B. supported C. held D. gathered
2.A. helped B. punished C. awarded D. made
3.A. understood B. knew C. responded D. admitted
4.A. home B. school C. hospital D. car
5.A. right B. along C. simply D. afterwards
6.A. preserved B. reserved C. replaced D. attached
7.A. out of date B. out of breath C. out of place D. out of mind
8.A. devoted B. admired C. performed D. drowned
9.A. will B. can C. may D. must
10.A. break it up B. set it off C. let it go D. take it apart
11.A. At the end B. As a result C. As a matter of fact D. As you know
12.A. wiped B. reminded C. waved D. prevented
13.A. familiar B. sensitive C. fierce D. mad
14.A. arose B. relaxed C. apologized D. smiled
15.A. attractive B. secure C. original D. valuable
16.A. as though B. now that C. even though D. so that
17.A. missed B. belonged C. removed D. called
18.A. then B. but C. afterwards D. and
19.A. secretly B. loudly C. quietly D. hopelessly
20.A. recognize B. deserve C. remind D. express
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆甘肅省天水市高三下期第四次模擬考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯
短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
One day,I was cooking in the kitchen while the telephone rang.I went to answer it immediately.She was my close friend,Lisa.When we were talking on a phone,the fire alarm sounded.I run back to the kitchen.The room was full smoke and the beef was bad burnt.I quickly turned off the gas,opening all the windows,and then went out of the house.To my great surprises,two fire engines were outside my house.I was rather worried.I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆北京市東城區高三下期綜合練習（一）英語試卷（解析版） 題型：七選五
根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
What Is Emotional Eating?
Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. __1.__ Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot — especially without realizing it — emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.
Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings.
__2. One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. _3._
Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. _4.__ It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.
We’re all emotional eaters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. __5.__ That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.
Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger
is driving it.
A. Believe it or not, we’ve all been there.
B. If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.
C. One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.
D. And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.
E. Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.
F. Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.
G. More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆北京市東城區高三下期綜合練習（一）英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
The use of computers has made ______ possible for more people to work at home.
A. it B. that C. which D. what
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016年內蒙古赤峰二中高二下第一次月考4月英語卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、 B、 C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
We live in a fast-paced and anxiety-filled world that often times seems to shift beneath our feet. Thus we are sometimes affected by fears or anxiety impacting our life. For as long as I could remember I had struggled with anxiety. After I left university, I made friends with a Moroccan woman at work. One day she invited me to ___________ her and her family back home. I wanted to, but I would have to travel there ___________ and I knew we would be in a very rural area. How would I cope with my___________ ?
Then one day it ___________ to me that I had a life to live. I could choose to let anxiety ___________ me or I could go to Morocco and ___________ something different. I was 23 years old and had never been out of the UK alone. The journey to Morocco ___________ something inside me. I managed to cope with my anxiety. The sense of ___________ was overwhelming and still to this day when I get afraid of going somewhere alone, I remember how ___________ it felt when I arrived in Morocco.
Upon arrival I was so ___________ for the generous welcome I received. My friend’s family had arranged a welcome party. The people were so loving toward me. As a moment of ___________ felt in a faraway village, this reminded me that I was “good enough”, which helped to ___________ my anxiety.
Waking up the next day, in the morning light, I saw the area where we were. I was ___________ by how rural it was – and the realization that these people had very few___________ .
In the days afterwards, I traveled around Morocco. We went to Marrakesh and ___________ the Atlas mountains. We had the most amazing food – lots of fresh fruits and vegetables.
At the end of my ___________ something inside me had changed. I realized I had not felt anxious for nearly two weeks.
Experiencing a different culture far away from home helped me to realize what is important in life, what really ___________ , and with that my anxiety ___________. When I returned home I was much more active in ___________ my anxiety. Working with people, helping them ___________ their anxiety, is how I can share the love I found in Morocco.
1.A. send B. consult C. call D. visit
2.A. alone B. soon C. free D. safe
3.A. work B. curiosity C. homesickness D. worries
4.A. appeared B. hit C. struck D. occurred
5.A. impress B. control C. reach D. persuade
6.A. enjoy B. experience C. take D. experiment
7.A. changed B. moved C. supported D. impressed
8.A. achievement B. fear C. disappointment D. embarrassment
9.A. good B. ashamed C. afraid D. proud
10.A. sorry B. confused C. confident D. thankful
11.A. doubt B. luck C. love D. surprise
12.A. improve B. hold C. protect D. reduce
13.A. inspired B. moved C. pleased D. shocked
14.A. lands B. difficulties C. resources D. friends
15.A. discovered B. explored C. examined D. recognized
16.A. opportunity B. rush C. stay D. life
17.A. rules B. exists C. matters D. hurts
18.A. disappeared B. expanded C. remained D. removed
19.A. expressing B. challenging C. forgetting D. remembering
20.A. drop B. notice C. pass D. overcome
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆天津市河東區高三一模考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—Can I have a day off tomorrow? I need to visit my grandma in the hospital.
—______. I can manage without you.
A. Forget itB. Of course
C. It dependsD. I’m afraid not
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