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In the rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide it’s still OK to eat? If you’re like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat if you pick them up within 5 seconds after dropping them.      

But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds is all it takes for foods to become polluted with enough bacteria（細菌）to make you sick.

Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If you eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, you can become sick.

One of these food-borne bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Salmonella is often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods thoroughly.[來源:]

But how long does it take these bacteria to pollute food? A team of scientists in South Carolina did an experiment. First, they placed an amount of Salmonella on three surfaces; wood, tile (瓦片), and carpet. They placed a piece of bread and a piece of bologna（一種大紅腸）on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and the bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick.

So, forget the 5-second rule. If your toast drops on the floor, throw it away and get another piece of clean toast. And this time, be careful not to drop it!

1.In which part of a newspaper can you most probably find this passage?

         A. Culture                  B. Health                    C. Advertisement              D. Technology

2. After dropping a piece of toast, a person who follows the “5-second rule” will         .

         A. throw away dirty toast immediately and go away

         B. pick up the toast as quickly as possible and eat it

         C. eat the toast within 5 seconds and feel pleased

         D. get another piece of clean toast quickly and eat it

3.The scientists in South Carolina did the experiment to __________ .

        A. see how quickly bacteria can pollute food

         B. show that the 5-second rule is correct

         C. see how harmful bacteria are to people’s health

         D. show that bacteria grow at different speeds on different foods

 

 About three hundred words in the English language come from the names of people. Many of these words are technical words. When there is a new invention of discovery, a new word may be coined(杜撰) after the inventor or scientist.

  It is interesting to observe how many common words have found their way into the language from the names of people. Lord Sandwich, who lived from 1718-1792, used to sit at the gambling(賭博) table eating bread with meat in between. As the Lord was the only one among his friends who ate bread in that way, his friends began to call the bread “sandwich” for fun. Later on，the word became part of the English language.

  The word “boycott” means to refuse to have anything to do with somebody or something. It comes from a man called Captain Boycott. He was a land agent in 1880 and he collected rents and taxes for an English landowner in Ireland. But the Captain was a very harsh(苛刻的) man. He treated his poor tenants (佃戶) very badly. His tenants decided not to speak to him at all. Eventually word got back to the landowner and the Captain was removed（免除）. The word “boycott” became popular and was used by everyone to mean the kind of treatment that was received by Captain Boycott.

1.A few hundred ___________ come from the names of people.

    A. new inventions   B. languages C. English words       D. new discoveries

2.“Sandwich” is a word coined (杜撰) by ____________.

    A. Lord Sandwich                            B. the friends of Lord Sandwich

C. inventors                                D. scientists

3. The tenants did not like ___________.

    A. to collect rents and taxes                   B. the English landowner

C. the harsh land agent                         D. to speak

 

They are_______the same size.You can take_______half of the bread.

A.of；either                 B.with；either                     C.in；both                   D.at；none

After her husband had gone to work, Mrs Richards send her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any housework that morning.
In the evening she would go to a fancy dress party with her husband. She wanted to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was really splendid. After putting it on, She went downstairs to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.
Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dining-room, there was a knock on the front door. She knew it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the table. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, she quickly hid in the small store-room under the stair. She heard the front door opened and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the store-room was opened and in came a man. Mrs Richards realized it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the meter. She tried to explain the situation, saying “It’s only me. ” but it was too late, the man let out a cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs Richards walked towards him, he fled, losing the door heavily behind him.
【小題1】The reason for Mrs Richards’ excitement that day was that____.

A．she had sent her children to school

B．she was to attend an evening party

C．she wouldn’t do any housework that morning

D．she had made a special costume the night before

【小題2】Mrs Richards went downstairs with the costume on so as to____.

A．made sure that the costume fitted her well

B．frighten the person who was knocking on the door

C．find out if she had finished the costume ?

D．receive the bread and do some cooking

【小題3】The man who was knocking at the door was____.

A．a baker

B．a thief

C．her husband

D．an electricity man

【小題4】What did the man do after he knocked on the front door?

A．He entered just as Mrs Richards had told him to.

B．He did not do anything as Mrs Richards had expected him to.

C．He stepped directly towards the meter.?

D．He went straight in so as to find Mrs Richards.

【小題5】The man ____ and that made him cry out and run away.

A．thought he must have met a ghost

B．recognized Mrs Richards

C．found out Mrs Richards was walking towards him

D．thought that Mrs Richards must have recognized him

根據短文內容，從下框的A-F選項中選出能概括每一段主題的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余項。

A．Focus on your relationships． B．Think about what to do next step． C．Take good care of your body． D．Try to avoid over thinking． E．Set up a proper goal for yourself． F．Practice acts of kindness．

Five Happiness Secrets For Tough Times
Sonja Lyubomirsky, an author, has researched the science of happiness for years．
Here are her tips to help you cope with a bad economy, and increase your bursts of happiness throughout the day．
【小題1】________
“You could spend a lot of time thinking deeply,” says Lyubomirsky．“But that just makes you feel even more pessimistic, more out of control, and affects your self esteem．Your relationships will suffer and your job performance will suffer．”
Get rid of pessimism．One of the most effective ways to cope when things are difficult is to adopt a positive thinking strategy．“What can I learn from this? Times are tough, I’ve been furloughed at work, but I can spend more time with the kids, adopt a new hobby, or learn a new set of skills．”
【小題2】________
Now more than ever we need each other to survive．Lyubomirsky found that doing good things for friends, family, or strangers can make you happier．Think of practical, everyday gestures that can make someone’s life a little bit easier．For example, Lyubomirsky says, “Maybe now many of us can’t afford to take a cab to the airport, so offer to give a friend a ride．”
【小題3】________
You don’t need an expert to tell you that relationships are critical to happiness．
Not being the bread-winner anymore or not being able to fulfill your kid’s needs can weigh down hard on your family life．But the trick is to stop feeling guilty and focus on caring for your loved ones．
“I was at a psychology conference where an expert was talking about the effects of this economy on families and how parents can’t afford to buy their kids luxuries like toys anymore,” says Lyubomirsky．“But what they don’t realize is that kids don’t care about toys — what they care about is parents being grumpy and taking it out on them．”
【小題4】________
“If you find a happy person you will find a project,” says Lyubomirsky．“Happy people all have goals they care about．”
Commit yourself to a project – whether it is a business you want to start or a dance you want to learn．But it’s also important to remember to be flexible in these times．
Don’t get frustrated if circumstances are stopping you from meeting your goals．Adopt and change!
“If your spouse has lost their job you might have to change your goal,” says Lyubomirsky．“Or you might have to learn a whole new skill for a new job．”
【小題5】________
When times are tough, it’s easy to get skip your regular workouts in favor of moping in front of the TV and eating a bag of chips．Your thinking is “I have more important things to worry about right now than looking good．”
But carve out a small part of your day to give your body some TLC．It will go a long way in boosting your happiness．“Even if you can’t afford to go to the gym,”
Lyubomirsky says, “take time out to exercise at home．”