Question

Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the

reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.

The latest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.

“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.

“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”

What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.

“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said Goldspink.

The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.

1.The text mainly talks about ________. 

A．men’s heart cells                      B．women’s ageing process

C．the gender difference                    D．hearts and long life

2.According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________. 

A．women have more cells than men when they are born

B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat

C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age

D．women never lose their pumping power with age

3.We can know from the passage that ________.

A．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out

B．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells

C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss

D．women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.D

2.C

3.B

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹女性比男性長壽的原因主要是基因問題，還有男性可以通過鍛煉延長自己的壽命。

1.主旨大意題。根據文章第 1 段的第 2 句…the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age 和第 2 段中的 women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age 及全文內容可知，本題的正確答案選 D。

2.事實細節題。根據文章第 5 段的第 1 句 What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells 可知，本題的正確答案選 C。

3.推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第 2 段中的 The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart 可推知，本題的正確答案選B。

考點：考查科普類短文

點評：本文介紹女性比男性長壽的原因主要是基因問題，還有男性可以通過鍛煉延長自己的壽命。屬于科普類的短文，需要考生在閱讀的時候有足夠的耐心。要養成在上下文串聯中猜測詞義的能力，根據上下文中出現的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來理解生詞。同時要抓住文章的中心，要根據題目及選項以及文章的上下文串聯合理的判斷推理。