Question

Jerry Morris died on 28 October 2009. He was 99 years old. You have probably never heard of him. He was a professor of public health. More than 50 years ago he produced one of the most famous epidemiological (流行病學) papers of the 20th century.
His study showed that bus conductors were much less likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers. Why? Because the conductors spent their working day walking. It seems obvious now but in the middle of the last century doctors were puzzled by the rising numbers of people who got heart diseases. Jerry Morris found one of the main causes: a sedentary (久坐不動的) lifestyle. He started exercising for a few minutes each day and lived until his 100th year.
If you wish to protect your heart, you have to do more than wander in the garden. The exercise needs to be reasonable. Jogging is not for everyone and a round trip to the gym takes a couple of hours, plus the monthly membership fee is only good value if you visit regularly. The answer is simple: walk.
A half-hour purposeful walk five times a week will lower your risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes. Older people sometimes feel they have left it too late. But it is never too late to start and there are no upper age limits. Start gently. Take your time: a 15-minute flat walk in the nearest park, four or five times a week. Within a month or so, you are already beginning to protect your heart. Build the walks up. When you can comfortably walk for half an hour in the park, go further: try following rivers and canals.
Regular walkers have their own natural gymnasium. There is no membership fee, just some of the finest scenery in the world. Great Britain is the walker’s gym. When you have followed the rivers and canals, and are enjoying walking for a couple of hours, head for the coast. Once again, build it up slowly. When you are comfortable with long coastal walks, you can think of our national parks.
小題1:Jerry Morris is mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to __________.

A．make his epidemiological message known to the public

B．praise his research into ways of improving public health

C．introduce the topic of doing exercise and keeping healthy

D．give an example of a person who lives a healthy and long life

小題2:We can learn from the passage that __________.

A．bus conductors are more likely to die of heart disease than bus drivers.

B．doctors in the 1950s knew why heart diseases kept happening to people.

C．walking is better than doing sports in a gym because it saves time and money.

D．British people love walking because they have free gymnasium with finest scenery.

小題3:What suggestion does the writer give about walking?

A．Parks are the best place for walking.

B．Starters should not push themselves too hard.

C．A two-quarter walk a day is suitable for starters.

D．People of old age might not be fit enough to start walking.

小題4:What might be the best title for this passage?

A．Long Life Comes from Walking

B．Walking Helps Cure Heart Disease

C．A Walk a Day Keeps the Doctors away

D．An Hour’s Walk in Nature is Worth Two in the Gym

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:C

試題分析：文章講述的是關于健康的話題。生活中有很多鍛煉身體的方法和地方，但作者認為最經濟的鍛煉方法是散步。定期散步能減少患心臟病、糖尿病和中風的風險。剛開始的時候，不能操之過急，要循序漸進地進行散步鍛煉。
小題1:根據“You have probably never heard of him. He was a professor of public health. ...he produced one of the most famous epidemiological (流行病學) papers of the 20th century.”可知，作者在第一段沒有詳細介紹流行病學，排除A；第一段沒有介紹他的研究方法，排除B；第一段沒有給出論點，也就不可能列舉例子，排除D；第一段介紹一個不出名的人，而且還是一個公共健康方面的教授，說明作者想要引入健康這個話題，故選C。
小題2:根據第三段“a round trip to the gym takes a couple of hours, plus the monthly membership fee is only good value if you visit regularly. The answer is simple: walk.”可知，作者不提倡花錢和時間去健身房鍛煉，最簡單的方法是散步，由此可見，散步既省錢又實惠，故選C。
小題3:根據倒數第二段“Start gently. Take your time: a 15-minute flat walk in the nearest park, four or five times a week. ...When you can comfortably walk for half an hour in the park, go further: try following rivers and canals.”可知，對于剛起步的人來說，不要操之過急，應該循序漸進地進行散步鍛煉，故選B。
小題4:根據第四段“A half-hour purposeful walk five times a week will lower your risk of heart disease, diabetes and strokes.”可知，散步能降低得心臟病、糖尿病和中風的風險，并不能治愈心臟病，排除B；根據最后一段“There is no membership fee, just some of the finest scenery in the world.”可知，散步比去健身房節省了金錢和時間，并非比健身房的鍛煉要好，排除D；A項文中未提及；故選C。