Translation. ( 20 points )
1.老實說，這本書對我來說沒有任何價值。(value n.)
2.去年，一場可怕的洪水切斷了這個村莊的食物供給。(cut off)
3.最近我們班就垃圾食品是否對人的皮膚有害展開了一次討論。(harm n.)
4.隨著互聯網的普及，網購已經被越來越多的人所接受。(as; on-line shopping)
5.很抱歉，我不能理解你在會上提出的建議。(make sense；定語從句)
6.政府必須采取有效措施保護這些歷史遺產不受破壞。(protect ... from)
7.我們可以循環使用課本，以達到節約和減少污染的目的。(recycle; so as to)
8.這是人類首次認真思考自己的活動對環境造成的影響。(It’s the first time; effect)
9.怎樣保持健康是我們經常談論的一個話題。(介詞+關系代詞的定語從句）
10.越來越多家庭節假日期間外出旅行，由此導致很多地方交通擁擠不堪。(a/an ... number of; as a result)
1.Honestly speaking/To be honest, the book is of no value to me.
2.Last year a terrible flood cut off the food supply of the village.
3.Recently our class have/has had a discussion on whether junk food does harm to a person’ skin.
4.As the Internet becomes popular, online-shopping has been accepted by more and more people.
5.I’m sorry. I cannot make sense of the advice (which/that) you raised/put forward in the meeting.
6.The government must take active measures to protect these historical relics from being damaged.
7.We can recycle our textbooks so as to save and reduce/cut down pollution.
8.It is the first time (that) humans/human beings have thought seriously about the effect of their activities on the environment.
9.How to stay well/healthy is a topic about which we often talk.
10.An increasing number of families travel out/go out travelling during the holidays; as a result, many places become very crowded. Or: the traffic of many places becomes very busy/heavy.
【解析】
試題分析：
1.Honestly speaking/To be honest是固定用法，表示現在的情況或狀態，用一般現在時。
2.根據時間狀語“去年”，所以這個句子要用一般過去時。
3.根據時間狀語“最近”，所以這個句子要用完成時態。
4.表示過去的某一動作或行為一直持續到現在，用現在完成時；且句子主語是online-shopping，故用被動語態。
5.這里需要一個定語從句，關系詞在定語從句中作賓語，且先行詞是物，故用which/that引導定語從句。
6.protect ... from這個句型中，from之后的動詞要用動詞的- ing形式。
7.so as to這個結構中，to之后要用動詞原形。
8.It is the first time (that)這個結構中，that從句要用現在完成時。
9.talk about是固定用法，把about提到關系代詞的前面，介詞+關系代詞的定語從句，指物，只能用“which”。
10.a/an ... number of = many，它所修飾的主語的謂語動詞用復數。
考點：詞匯和語法的考查
點評：解答這類翻譯題，首先要確定句子時態，然后思考需要使用的詞組及句型，并且使用詞的正確形式，詞組及句型的特殊用法要特別注意。
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輕松課堂標準練系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均勻的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.
In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年遼寧盤錦市第二高級中學高二第一次階段考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.
I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work.
Different from popular belief, we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as ‘mentalese’ ), and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language. But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry (織錦)，writing can only be composed one thread at a time. Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.
When people write as if some strict critics (批評家) are looking over their shoulder, they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it, as wonderful and worth putting down. It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.
【小題1】What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?
| A．They often regret writing poor works. |
| B．Some of them write surprisingly much. |
| C．Many of them hate reading their own works. |
| D．They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions. |
| A．People think in words and sentences. |
| B．Human ideas are translated into symbols. |
| C．People think by connecting threads of ideas. |
| D．Human thoughts are expressed through pictures. |
| A．Most people believe we think in symbols. |
| B．Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable. |
| C．The writers and critics can never reach an agreement. |
| D．Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年廣東省汕頭市金山中學高二下學期期中英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values. Fulfillment in life—as opposed to concern about an afterlife—became a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned(皺眉頭) on. Artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，experienced，discussed，and circulated. They could see the architectural monuments，sculptures(雕塑)，plays，and poems that were being rediscovered，but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example，the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors，painters，architects，and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
【小題1】What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance. |
| B．The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance. |
| C．The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style. |
| D．The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance. |
| A．1855 |
| B．the period of the Renaissance |
| C．the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome |
| D．the time at which the author wrote the passage |
| A．spirituality in everyday life |
| B．communication among artists across Europe |
| C．a cultural emphasis on human values |
| D．religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes |
| A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts. |
| B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences. |
| C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry. |
| D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed. |
| A．It did not contain enough religious themes. |
| B．It had little emotional impact on audiences. |
| C．It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians. |
| D．It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time. |
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.What a _______ that dress makes! She looks very pretty now.
|
A．transplant |
B．transportation |
C．translation |
D．transformation |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年湖南省高一上學期第三次階段性測試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Now I’m a senior high school student in Grade Two . I feel that school life is a little hard , just as my friends said . However , a hard life doesn’t have to mean a boring one at all .
School life is not just about studying and getting high marks . Getting involved in student clubs can be a unique and unforgettable experience .
Wang Tian enjoys Tuesday afternoons more than any other time of the week . Why ? Well , that’s when Wang and 47 other members of the DIY ( do it yourself ) club learn to make things such as rondo flowers ( 絲網花 ) and cross-stitch（十字繡）. Wang also knows how to knit scarves and make clay accessories（小飾件）. They even sell their products to raise money for poor students !
When Chen Mo started the High School , there was a drama club and a rock band , but no street dance club . So the girl started one . “Street dancing is dynamic and helps us relax and keep fit ,” Chen said . There are around 30 students in Chen’s club . They practice dance skills on Sundays . Sometimes they go to street dance performances in the city . “We watch , learn and make friends . People in this circle are actually very nice and sweet ,” she said .
There are dozens of clubs for me to choose from , such as basketball club or science club . But I love the translation club best . The 30 club members get together once a week . With the help of a volunteer teacher , I’ve learned the general principles of professional translation . It’s the first step to becoming a good translator . Besides ,after attending this club , my English has improved a lot .
I like my school life very much . And I believe whether a life is meaningful or not depends on the person who leads it .
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ?
|
A． The members in the DIY club sell their products to raise money for the club . |
|
B． There are more members in the DIY club than in the translation club . |
|
C． Chen Mo joined the street dance club and played an important part in it . |
|
D． The members of the translation club meet on Tuesday afternoon . |
2. How many clubs are mentioned in the passage ?
|
A． 5 |
B． 6 |
C． 7 |
D． 8 |
3.The underlined word dynamic in Paragraph 4 means __________.
|
A． energetic |
B． helpful |
C． challenging |
D． attractive |
4. If you want to improve your English , you’ll probably join the _______.
|
A． DIY club |
B． science club |
C． drama club |
D．translation club |
5.We can infer that _____________.
|
A．the writer feels the new school life is hard |
|
B．the writer’s friends feel the new school life is hard |
|
C．the writer is pleased with his new school life |
|
D．every student leads a meaningful life in the new school |
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