Question

You’re rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk. Do you stop to help? In a study of by-standers, it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved.
“There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed.” says a psychologist. “The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help. In order to take action, you have to work against them.” Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping.
● Why should I be the one? I’m probably not the most competent（有能力的） person in this crowd. You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance.
● What if he doesn’t really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful; no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others.
● No one else looks concerned- this must not be a problem. We can follow the people around us, but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.
“If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction, force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on,” says the psychologist. “Then retry to involve other people; you don’t have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful. Sometimes it’s just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying, ‘It looks like we should do something.’ Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and, if not, to call for one. Once you take action, most people will follow you.”
【小題1】Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others?

A．I’m not the very person capable of setting the problem.

B．It looks like we should do something.

C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned.

D．He doesn’t really need my help.

【小題2】According to a study of by-standers, what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk?

A．They will call for help and then walk away.

B．They will stop and offer help.

C．They will turn away their eyes and go on walking.

D．They will laugh at him.

【小題3】We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot trouble,           ．

A．we should call the ambulance as soon as we can.

B．we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone.

C．we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow.

D．we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility

【小題4】In order to offer others your timely help, you need to        ．

A．ask others for help and call the police

B．get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble

C．go directly to the police station

D．work against the first thoughts that prevent you offering help

【小題5】The main purpose of the text is to tell readers        ．

A．to give others a hand

B．to be more competent

C．not to risk looking foolish

D．to stop and evaluate the situation

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】C
【小題4】D
【小題5】A

解析試題分析：本文敘述了人們由于各種原因看到有人在街上摔倒，都不愿去幫助別人，文章分析了幾種人們不愿去做的原因。文章最后提出我們應該伸出援助之手，你這樣做了，其他的人就會學你也去這樣做了。
【小題1】細節理解題。根據I’m probably not the most competent（有能力的） person in this crowd. 排除A; No one else looks concerned- this must not be a problem. 排除C; What if he doesn’t really need my help? 排除D; 故選B.
【小題2】細節理解題。根據In a study of by-standers, it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved.大多數人都是不去幫助人，繼續趕路， 故選C
【小題3】細節理解題。根據force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on; Then retry to involve other people我們停下來，看一下當時的情況，不要繼續向前走，故選C.
【小題4】細節理解題。根據In order to take action, you have to work against them. 故選D
【小題5】寫作意圖題。根據最后一段可知我們應幫助別人, 故選A.
考點：人生百味類短文閱讀。
點評：推測寫作目的題和了解文章大意題有所不同，后者要知道文章講什么，中心思想是什么。而前者是要知道寫文章是為了什么，達到什么目的。因此，這種題比了解文章大意題更難解答，它不僅要求了解內容，還要了解作者的口氣，分析作者的論述方法，這樣才能推斷出寫作目的。