Question

The Peppered Moth, a kind of insect(昆蟲), is found in England. It is light brown in colour and likes to settle(棲息) on trees which are also light brown. This makes the moth difficult to be seen and birds are less likely to notice and eat it.
But with the development of industry(工業) , smoke from factories began to reach the trees where the moth settled. It made the trees blacker. Then something very strange took place: in industrial areas, the Peppered Moth began to change colour. It became darker as well. Though the change took several years, some scientists soon notice that newly-born moths were a little darker than usual.
A scientist with the name Kettlewell decided to make a careful study of this phenomenon(現象). He marked some of the light moths and some of the darker ones, and set them free in the woods near Bermingham, an industrial city. Later, he recaptured(重新捕獲) as many as the marked moths as possible. The results were as follows.

	light moths	darker moths
Moths set free	201	601
moths recaptured	34(16%)	206(34%)

Kettlewell's research (研究) was done in the early 1950s. Soon afterwards Britain introduced new laws to reduce smoke and factory pollution.
Can you imagine what would happen to the Peppered Moth as the air became cleaner again?
小題1:The Peppered Moth began to change its colour in industrial areas because         .

A．it itself liked to

B．it could be like the colour of its living-place

C．it had to keep the balance of nature

D．it was usually dark brown

小題2:From the results of Kettlewell's research, we can see that       .

A．many more of the light moths were killed or eaten

B．more than one-fifth of the light moths was not killed

C．three times as many dark moths were kept safe as light ones

D．more dark moths were killed in industrial areas

小題3:As the air became cleaner,        .

A．the number of the light moths became larger

B．the total number of the light moths remained unchanged

C．there were more of the darker moths and fewer of the light ones

D．the darker moths changed into the light ones suddenly

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:A

試題分析：本文介紹了英國的The Peppered Moth,會隨著環境的顏色變化而產生變化，后來當地的環境變壞，蟲子的顏色也變成了深色。
小題1:B推理題。根據文章第一段1,2行The Peppered Moth, a kind of insect(昆蟲), is found in England. It is light brown in colour and likes to settle(棲息) on trees which are also light brown說明這種昆蟲的顏色和周圍環境的顏色是相似的，故B正確。
小題2:A 推理題。根據表格可知顏色較淺的蟲子回收的較少，而顏色較深的回收較多，說明淺顏色的蟲子容易被鳥兒認出來，被吃掉。而顏色深的蟲子容易適應環境的變化，不容易被發現。故A正確。
小題3:A 推理題。正是因為這種蟲子的顏色容易隨著外界的顏色變化而變化，那么空氣變的干凈以后，環境也會變好，顏色會變淺，故蟲子的顏色也會變淺。故A正確。
點評：本文介紹了英國的The Peppered Moth,會隨著環境的顏色變化而產生變化。從題目設置的角度看，本題側重對學生把握文章中心段落和各段落的中心句的能力的考查，所以遇到這類題后，要注意把握好文章結構，了解文章中心意思，找到各段落中心句。不要讓文中的一些生詞影響了注意力。