13．There is a popular saying in the English language：Sticks and stones may break my bones，but words will never hurt me．"Well，that is not true．Unkind words，name-calling or even the so-called"the silent tretment"can hurt children as much as being physically hit，sometimes even more so．
A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal（言語的）abuse by other children can harm development in the brain．The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts．Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young dults，aged 18to 25．These young men and women h ad not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents．The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children．Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects．
The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of he brain．The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum（胼胝體，胼胝體，腦胼胝體）．This was the area that was underdeveloped．
The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing．So，unkind，hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the greatest effect．The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study．The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear，depression，anger and drug abuse than others in the study．
The researchers published their findings online o the American Journal of Psychiatry's website．
Parents cannot control what other people say to their children，but they can prepare their children．
25．Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning？B
A．To show the power of words．
B．To introduce an opposite view．
C．To prove the author's argument．
D．To show ancient people's wisdom
26．What did the subjects have in common？D
A．They were hurt by unkind words．
B．They performed poorly in imaging tests．
C．They had their brain slightly damaged．
D．They experienced no physical abuse at home．
27．What will be discussed in the next paragraph？C
A．Comments on the findings．
B．Approaches to further studies．
C．Suggestions to parents．
D．Different opinions on the matter．
28．What is the main idea of the passage？C
A．The way we speak maters．
B．Verbal violence should be stopped．
C．Unkind words hurt the brain．
D．Words are worse than sticks and stones．
分析 本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀．文章主要講述的是不友善的言語會損害大腦．
解答 25-28 BDCC
25．B．推理判斷題．根據"There is a popular saying in the English language：Sticks and stones may break my bones，but words will never hurt me．"Well，that is not true．Unkind words，name-calling or even the so-called"the silent tretment"can hurt children as much as being physically hit，sometimes even more so．"可知作者在開頭使用諺語是為了介紹一個相反的觀點．故選B．
26．D．細節理解題．根據"These young men and women h ad not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents．"可知實驗者的共同點就是他們在家不會受到身體傷害．故選D．
27．C．推理判斷題．根據"Parents cannot control what other people say to their children，but they can prepare their children．"可知下一段文章會提出一些給父母的建議．故選C．
28．C．主旨大意題．縱覽全文并根據"Unkind words，name-calling or even the so-called"the silent tretment"can hurt children as much as being physically hit，sometimes even more so．"可知文章主要講述的是不友善的言語會損害大腦．故選C．
點評 本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀．此類題型主要考查學生的細節理解和推理判斷能力．細節理解題是針對文中某個細節、某句話或某部分具體內容設置問題，所以在做細節理解題時要結合原文和提干有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，再結合選項選出正確答案．在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要聯系上下文根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．在做主旨大意題時考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點，確定主旨．
