Lawmakers in the United States have expanded an investigation into the use of location-tracking systems on mobile devices. The action follows recent reports about the storing of information on the Apple iPhone. Some people consider location tracking to be a threat to personal privacy and security.
Allan Friedman, the research director, says, “All wireless companies do some location tracking as part of their networks. This information is usually stored by the companies, not the devices, and there are laws to protect it. Law enforcement(執法) agencies, for example, have to have a fairly high standard before it can access that data. And the phone company is also prohibited from selling that information.
Now, two researchers report that location tracking information is being stored directly on Apple devices. They said Apple’s newest operating systems gather global positioning system and timestamp information. The information is stored on the device in a file that is also uploaded (上傳) to any computer that the device is connected to. The researchers say the information is available to anyone who has access to the device or computer.
Allan Friedman says, “This raises additional concerns. There’s the idea that because it’s on my phone and on my computer, rogue applications(惡意程序) that I pay for or that I’m tricked into downloading may be able to access this data and somehow misuse it.”
Apple says it is “not tracking the location of your iPhone”. It is simply keeping a database of Wi-Fi hotspots and cell phone towers near the user’s location. This information is meant to help the iPhone quickly find its location when needed.
Letters have been sent to some of the leading mobile device developers, including Apple and Google. The letters asked for more information about their location tracking systems. Allan Friedman calls this an important start to strengthening privacy laws. He says, “There aren’t strong controls over things like location information, what they are doing with it, how long they are keeping it. And perhaps the most important question is, is my location data with other facts about me?”
【小題1】Why did American lawmakers investigate the use of location-tracking systems on cell-phones?
| A．Because the systems can store users’ information |
| B．Because many users have suffered loss after using them. |
| C．Because it is thought to threaten users’ privacy. |
| D．Because many reporters have shown the problem of the systems. |
| A．wireless companies focus on personal privacy. |
| B．people are forbidden to get access to private data at will |
| C．phone companies may sell private information secretly |
| D．customers may ask wireless companies to locate their tracking |
| A．Location tracking information is stored online. |
| B．Apple’s newest operating systems collect all kinds of information. |
| C．Location tracking information may be uploaded to any iPhone. |
| D．Apple’s newest operating systems may reveal the private information of users. |
| A．Apple denies that it tracks the location of users. |
| B．The researchers may misunderstand the Apple’s systems. |
| C．The global positioning system is to blame for rogue applications. |
| D．The iPhone can quickly find its location by using its user’s information. |
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A simple piece of clothesline hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors.
On one side stand those who see clothes dryers(干衣機) as a waste of energy and a major polluter of the environment. As a result, they are turning to clotheslines as part of the “what-I –can do environmentalism(環境保護主義).”
On the other side are people who are against drying clothes outside, arguing that clotheslines are unpleasant to look at. They have persuaded Homeowners Associations (HOAs) access the U.S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood. This had led to a Right-to-Dry Movement that is calling for laws to be passed to protect people’s right to use clotheslines.
So far, only three states have laws to protect clothesline. Right-to-Dry supporters argue that there should be move.
Matt Reck, 37, is the kind of eco-conscious(有生態意識的) person who feeds his trees with bathwater and reuses water drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But on July 9, 2007, the HOA in Wake Forest, North Carolina, told him that a dissatisfied neighlzir had telephoned them about him clothesline. The Recks paid no attention to the warming and still dried their clothes on a line in the yard. “Many people say they are environmentally friendly but they don’t take matters in their own hands,” says Reck. The local HOA has decided not to take any action, unless more neighbors come to them.
North Carolina lawmakers are saying that banning clotheslines is not the right thing to do. But HOAs and housing businesses believe that clothesline drying reminds people of poor neighborhoods. They worry that if buyers think their future neighbors can’t even afford dryers, housing prices will fall.
Environmentalists say such worries are not necessary, and in view of global warming, that idea needs to change. As they say, “The clothesline is beautiful”. Hanging clothes outside should be encouraged. We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.”
One of the reasons why supporters of clothes dryers are trying to ban clothesline drying is that ____.
A. clothes dryers are more efficient B. clothesline drying reduces home value
C. clothes dryers are energy-saving D. clothesline drying is not allowed in most U.S. states
Which of the following best describes Matt Reck?
A. He is a kind-hearted man. B. He is an impolite man.
C. He is and experienced gardener. D. He is a man of social responsibility.
Who are in favor of clothesline drying?
A. housing businesses. B. Environmentalists.
C. Homeowners Associations. D. Reck’s dissatisfied neighbors.
What is mainly discussed in the text?
A. Clothesline drying: a way to save energy and money.
B. Clothesline drying: a lost art rediscovered.
C. Opposite opinions on clothesline drying.
D. Different varieties of clotheslines.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Do you remember last summer , when angry travelers were urging the government to do something about airline customer service ? Airlines 36 to improve , and they adopted (采用)new standards just before Christmas . 37 as another summer nears , plenty of 38
travelers don’t see much improvement in customer 39 overall .
This month , the Department of Transportation’s (DOT) office will publish its first critical 40
on whether airlines are 41 their promises . One survey（調查）suggests problems : the number of 42 to the DOT about the top 10 airlines in the first 43 rose 89% from a year ago .
Hit last summer by passenger complaints and the threat (威懾)of consumer-protection laws by the 44 , 14 airlines 45 to adopt a set of basic customer-service standards called Customers First . The “12 promises” to passengers were introduced 46 a mjor effort to improve service . Since then , airlines have been redesigning websites , retraining employees and upgrading technology .
Recently , DOT inspector general Kenneth Mead , at McCain’s request , sent 20 examiners to airports to 47 whether each airline is doing what it promised . Mead warns travelers shouldn’t 48 too much . Most of the promises are 49 better communication with customers , not problems with flights .
“Passengers should show more understanding to airlines about their 50 to better air service .” Spokeswoman Shelly Sasson says . “And when 51 are made , it takes a long time for them to be noticed,” she says .
Now , the efforts may be working . During the first quarter , Delta had the second-lowest rate of complaints among the 52 10 carriers . 53 , its rate , along with other carriers’ , is up from last year . McCain and other lawmakers say there may be a 54 to pass new consumer-protection 55 .
36．A．promised B．managed C．hoped D．refused
37．A．So B．But C．Merely D．Even
38．A．skilled B．experienced C．tired D．puzzled
39．A．flight B．opinion C．service D．travel
40．A．news B．information C．doubt D．article
41．A．honoring B．making C．giving D．improving
42．A．problems B．travelers C．passengers D．complaints
43．A．quarter B．year C．month D．summer
44．A．customer B．company C．government D．public
45．A．wished B．agreed C．remembered D．failed
46．A．to B．for C．as D．by
47．A．explain B．discuss C．discover D．check
48．A．travel B．expect C．complain D．suggest
49．A．aimed at B．considered as C．joined to D．made from
50．A．difficulty B．situation C．reality D．efforts
51．A．suggestions B．rules C．decisions D．improvements
52．A．large B．first C．top D．bad
53．A．Still B．Therefore C．Instead D．Meanwhile
54．A．possibility B．need C．chance D．use
55．A．examinations B．service C．laws D．reports
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
(10·陜西D篇)
Stop Spam
When I first got an e-mail account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need specific laws that make spamming(發送垃圾郵件) a crime.
If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam, the problem will certainly get much worse. Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual(個人的) e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are, in the end, passes on to the consumer.
For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.
57.What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. messages B. ideas C. connections D. programs
58. According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?
A. Companies rely on e-mail for communications.
B. More people in the world communicate by e-mail.
C. Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.
D. More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.
59. According to Paragraph 3, who is the final victim of spam?
A. The business B. The advertiser
C. The employee D. The consumer
60. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To inform B. To educate C. To persuade D. To instruct
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年上海市四區高考二模英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Barack Obama urged congressional leaders on Monday to act quickly to pass a huge stimulus package for the U.S. economy. He met with a bipartisan (concerning or involving two different political parties) group of lawmakers on Capitol Hill. Later he met individually with Democratic and Republican House and Senate leaders and spoke to a bipartisan leadership gathering. In comments to reporters early on Monday, he emphasized the urgency of finalizing economic legislation (立法). “We have got an extraordinary economic challenge ahead of us,” he said, “We are expecting a sobering job report at the end of the week. Nancy Pelosi and her staff have been extraordinarily helpful in working with our team so that we can shape an economic recovery and reinvestment plan that starts putting people back to work.”
Mr. Obama wants tax cuts for individual Americans and businesses to make up a significant portion of expected legislation. This could involve as much as $300 billion of a bill that is likely to go beyond $700 billion and include aid to cash-poor U.S. states, and money for alternative energy and a range of infrastructure (基礎設施) projects. Later, Mr. Obama said he expects to be able to sign legislation as soon as the end of this month, adding that quick action is necessary to “break the drive of the U.S. economic depression”.
Emerging later from bipartisan talks with Mr. Obama, Nancy Pelosi said lawmakers discussed with the president how to pass a stimulus package as quickly as possible. “An economic recovery package that will create jobs immediately and will grow the economy and that is what we talked about today,” said Nancy Pelosi. “How we could do this fast, deliberatively and to act upon it soon.” Just how soon that would be, Pelosi would not say.
How much support Democrats can obtain from Republicans will depend on the details. But the severity of the U.S. economic depression has created considerable bipartisan backing for quick action. Senate Majority Leader, Harry Reid said: “There are investments that we need to make on behalf of the American people to turn around this economy. We felt very good about the meeting; we are confident that we can do this and we have to do this.”
“I think the best thing I can do is to decline to comment on what they are going to do going forward,” said Dana Perino. “Obviously, we think that tax cuts were the right way to help our economy get out of the economic depression that this president inherited and we know that tax cuts can stimulate innovation.” Asked by reporters how large the economic stimulus package might be, Senate Majority Leader Reid said Obama indicated that all but one of some 28 economists advising him had said it should range from $800 billion to $1.3 trillion.
1.Barack Obama urged congressional leaders and met with bipartisan leaders to _____.
A．take over the White House
B．end economic decline
C．understand each other better
D．negotiate political issues
2.If the stimulus package is passed quickly and successfully, it can _____.
A．obtain support from Republicans
B．finalize economic legislation
C．enhance America’s international position
D．provide job opportunities
3.What is the bipartisan leaders’ attitude towards this meeting?
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Indifferent.
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A．The best way out of the economic depression is tax cuts.
B．The Republic Party plays the key role in coping with the economic depression.
C．Democrats and Republicans will team up in the economic depression.
D．When the stimulus package will be passed is known to the lawmakers.
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科目：高中英語 來源：20102011年遼寧省高二下學期期末考試英語 題型：閱讀理解
In 1963,former Senator Gaylord Nelson began to worry about our planet (A senator is a person that the people of the United States have chosen to help make the laws.). Senator Nelson knew that our world was getting dirty and that many of our plants and animals were dying .He wondered why most people weren’t trying to solve these problems. He talked to other lawmakers and to the President. They decided that the President would go around the country and tell people about these concerns（關系重大之事）. He did, but still not enough people were working on the problem.
Then, in 1969, Senator Nelson had another idea. He decided to have a special day to teach everyone about the things that needed changing in our environment .He wrote letters to all of the colleges and put a special article in Scholastic Magazine to tell them about the special day he had planned (Most of the schools got this magazine) and he knew that kids would help him.
On April 22,1970, the first Earth Day was held .People all over the country made promises to help the environment. Everyone got involved and since then, Earth Day has spread all over the planet. People all over the world know that there are problems we need to work on and this is our special day to look at the planet and see what needs changing. Isn’t it great? One person had an idea and kept working until everyone began working together to solve it. See what happens when people care about our world?
1.The passage mainly talks about _________.
A．the importance of Earth Day
B．the person who planned the Earth Day
C．the history of Earth Day
D．the first Earth Day
2.Why did Senator Gaylord Nelson worry about our planet?_________
A．The world was getting dirty.
B．Many plants and animals were dying.
C．Few people cared about the earth.
D．All of the above.
3.From the text, we know that _________ helped him most .
A．the president B．the other lawmakers
C．the colleges D．the students
4.It took Nelson ______ years to get the people pay much attention to the earth.
A．10 B．7 C．6 D．1
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