Question

How do you address(稱呼) people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. Usually, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.
2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal(正式) for most situations. They are used mostly to customers(顧客) in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don’t know.
3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr.”, “Mrs.”, “Ms”, etc, before their family names.
4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use.  For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
【小題1】According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to ______.

A．address a person you don’t know	B．apologize to others
C．catch the attention of a stranger	D．suggest good manners

【小題2】If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him ______.

A．John

B．Smith

C．Mr. John

D．Mr. Smith

【小題3】Which of the following is NOT true?

A．“Sir” and “Madam” are used more often in America than in England.

B．People often use “Mr.”, “Mrs.” or “Ms” before the first names of those people who they don’t know very well.

C．“Pal” and “mate” are usually only used between men.

D．While addressing friends, people just use their first names

【小題4】The passage is most likely taken from an English _______.

A．textbook

B．card

C．storybook

D．grammar book

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】B
【小題4】A

解析試題分析:
【小題1】細節題，由第二段最后一句if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.可以知道答案，故選C。
【小題2】細節題。由If you are friends, use their first names;可以知道答案，所以選A。
【小題3】細節題，由if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr.”, “Mrs.”, “Ms”, etc, before their family names.可以推出答案，所以選B
【小題4】推理題，由本文的主要意思“在英國怎樣稱呼別人”，可以推出答案，所以選A
考點：本篇是一篇說明文
點評：本文說明了在英國怎樣稱呼別人。本文主要考查細節題，做細節題的關鍵是找出原文的根據，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。