The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a completely sedentary life style without any exercise. The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.?
A multitude(多數；大批) of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health related behavior is usually one of personal choices. There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Grapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical(統計數字的) probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide(自殺). Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality(活力；生命力) and longevity(長壽).
1.The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because ____.
A．personal health choice help cure most illness
B．it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge
C．it is essential to personal freedom in American society
D．wrong decisions could lead to poor health
2.To “live a completely sedentary life style”（L7, Para.1）in the passage means____.
A．to“live an inactive life”
B．to “live a proper life”
C．to“live a life with complete freedom”
D．to “live a life of evil”
3.Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because ____.
A．current medical knowledge is still insufficient
B．there are many factors influencing our decisions
C．few people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of life
D．people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends
4.To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to ____.
A．improving the quality of one’s life
B．limiting one’s personal health choice
C．deliberately ending one’s life
D．breaking the rules of social behavior
5.According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on ____.
A．personal decisions B．society’s laws
C．statistical evidence D．friend’s opinions
1.D
2.A
3.B
4.C
5.C
【解析】
試題分析：本文講述的是關于健康行為的個人選擇觀念是相當重要的。
1.D 推斷題。根據第一段提到An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. 如果能在保健知識的基礎上作出有益于身心健康的選擇的話，則90%疾病可預防，反之亦然，故選D項。
2.A詞意猜測。上下文有“If we so desire, we can smoke drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want.”所列四項都是具體的日常事情。只有A項與所列 四項同類。而該詞組后緊接著“without exercise”由此分析，A為正確選項。
3.B 推斷題。根據第一段提到As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do.可知青少年可能知道抽煙的危害但在朋友的壓力下認為這是社會性的行為和第二段提到A multitude(多數；大批) of factors, both inherited and environmental, influence the development of health related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.很多的因素包括遺傳和環境會影響與行為有關的健康的發展，這已經超過了本文所談論的范圍，因為他們可能會影響到任何一個有關的人，故選B項。
4.C 推斷題。根據第二段提到They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical(統計數字的) probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide他們認為故意地沉溺于某種睚統計概率上會較高地縮短生命的行為無異于企圖自殺，故選C項。
5.C 推斷題。根據第二段提到Thus, for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality(活力；生命力) and longevity(長壽)因此，對于那些想要保持生活的質量的人來說，個人的健康的選擇必須能夠考慮那些在統計概率上能提高省活力和延長壽命的行為，故選C項。
考點：科普類閱讀。
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A couple who held hands at breakfast every morning even after 70 years of marriage have died 15 hours apart. Helen Felumlee, died at 92 on April 12. Her husband, 91-year-old Kenneth Felumlee, died the next morning.
The couple’s eight children say the two had been inseparable since meeting as teenagers, once sharing the bottom of a bunk (雙層) bed on a ferry rather than sleeping on night apart.
They remained deeply in love until the very end, even eating breakfast together while holding hands, said their daughter, Linda Cody. “We knew when one went, the other was going to go,” she said. According to Cody, about 12 hours after Helen died, Kenneth looked at his children and said, “Mon’s dead.” He quickly began to fade, surrounded by 24 of his closest family members and friends when he died the next morning. “He was ready,” Cody said, “He just didn’t want to leave her here by herself.”
Son Dick said his parents died of old age, surrounded by family.
The pair had known each other for several years when they eloped（私奔）in Newport across the Ohio River from Cincinnati, on Feb. 20, 1994. At two days shy of his 21st birthday, Kenneth-who went by Kenny-was too young to marry in Ohio. “He couldn’t wait.’ son Jim said.
Kenneth worked as a railroad car inspector and mechanic before becoming a mail carrier for the Post Office. He was active in the church as a Sunday teacher.
Helen stayed at home, not only cooking and cleaning for her own family but also for other families in need in the area. She taught Sunday school, too, but was known more for her greeting card ministry, sending cards for birthdays, sympathy and the holidays to everyone in her community, each with a personal note inside. “She kept Hallmark in business,” daughter-in-law Debbie joked.
When Kenneth retired in 1983 and the children began to leave the house, the Felumlees began to explore their love of travel, visiting almost all 50 states by bus. “He didn’t want to fly anywhere because you couldn’t see anything as you were going,” Jim said.
Although both experienced declining health in recent years, Cody said, each tried to stay strong for the other. “That’s what kept them going,” she said.
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