Some plants get so hungry they eat flies, and even small frogs. What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they're found on every continent except Antarctica.
You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap -- a small plant, which grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks (莖) are leaves that act like traps (陷阱). Inside each trap is a lining of tiny hairs. When an insect lands on them, the traps suddenly shut. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.
The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous Plant Society's Newsletter. He states although you might have read some science-fiction stories, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.
Barry says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: "attract, kill, digest, and absorb" some form of insects. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants -- well, most of the time.
All green plants make sugar to produce food. What makes meat-eating plants different is their special leaves, which need insects for one reason: nitrogen (氮). Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way. Why?
Almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil. Meat-eating plants can't. They live in places where nutrients are hard to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soft is poisonous to meat-eating plants. Never fertilize (施肥) them! But don't worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they'll grow very slowly.
【小題1】According to the passage, a Venus' flytrap ______.
| A．is a small plant which grows in a container |
| B．is a kind of plant which gets hungry easily |
| C．can trap and feed on some form of insects |
| D．can only grow 6-8 inches tall |
| A．meat-eating plants are found nowhere else except Antarctica |
| B．all green plants get nitrogen from the soil |
| C．meat-eating plants endanger humans in science-fiction stories |
| D．the nutrient-poor soil is beneficial to meat-eating plants |
| A．so you'd better fertilize them |
| B．probably because the supply of nitrogen is cut off |
| C．simply because they can't absorb nitrogen from the soil |
| D．and then they will die slowly |
| A．Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants. |
| B．It's hard to get nutrients in the soil when acidity is high. |
| C．The Venus' flytrap eats flies to get nutrient from them. |
| D．Green plants make sugar at night. |
【小題1】C
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】C
解析試題分析：文章介紹了食肉植物是如何吃昆蟲的，它們的生活習性，以及和綠色植物的差別是什么。
【小題1】細節題：從第二段的句子：When an insect lands on them, the traps suddenly shut. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.可知 Venus' flytrap可以捕捉吃一些昆蟲。選C
【小題2】推理題;從第三段的句子：He states although you might have read some science-fiction stories, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.可知科幻小說中食肉的植物對人有害。選C
【小題3】推理題;從最后一段的句子They live in places where nutrients are hard to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals.和if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they'll grow very slowly.可知食肉動物是通過吃昆蟲獲得氮，如果不能吃昆蟲，就會生長緩慢。選B
【小題4】推理題;從第五段的句子：What makes meat-eating plants different is their special leaves, which need insects for one reason: nitrogen (氮). 可以推斷出The Venus' flytrap 吃蒼蠅是為了得到營養。選C
考點：考查科普類短文
點評：這篇閱讀理解集中考查了推理題，要求考生仔細閱讀全文，做好相應的標志，以提高閱讀的效率和速度，做題時要審清題干，發覺和把握試題中有效的提示性信息，確認命題的角度、閱讀范圍和答題方式。進行合理的推理判斷。
期末沖刺100分創新金卷完全試卷系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：新教材新學案 配合普通高中課程標準實驗教科書 英語3必修(人教版) 人教版 題型：054
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Plants, like animals, are subject to diseases of various kinds．It has been estimated that some 30,000 different diseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack corn, and about as many attack wheat．The results of unchecked plant disease are all too obvious in countries which have marginal food supplies．The problem will soon be more widespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate．Even in countries which are now amply fed by their agricultural products there could soon be the major crops; the resulting famines(饑荒) could kill millions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could cause political upheavals(動亂) disastrous to the order of the world．
Some plants have relative immunity to a great many diseases, while others have a susceptibility to them．A blight (萎菌病) may be but a local infection easily controlled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole region or nation．An example is the blight which killed virtually every chestnut tree in North America．Another is the famous potato blight in Ireland in the last century．As a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died of starvation and related ailments．
Plant pathologists have made remarkable strides in identifying the pathogens of the various diseases．Bacteria may invade a plant through an infestation of insect parasites carrying the pathogen．A plant can also be inoculated by man．Other diseases might be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a model or smut or rust．Frequently such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that a secondary infection may result form its lack of tolerance．The symptoms(癥狀) shown may cause an error in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed toward bacteria(細菌) which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by a primary virus infection．
How many diseases are known to attack wheat?
A．Around 30000 B．Forty
C．Around 29960 D．Around 40
Unchecked plant disease won't result in_______．
A．food shortages in poor country B．food shortages in rich country
C．increase of world population D．disaster in world politics
What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A．Some plants have relative immunity to a great many diseases．
B．Some other plants have a susceptibility to a great many diseases．
C．The tolerance of a particular plant changes as the growing conditions change．
D．A blight can be a national infection．
According to the passage, some plant diseases can__________．
A．infect people
B．be prevented by inoculation（接種疫苗）
C．be prevented by killing insects
D．be prevented by improving the growing conditions
Which of the following won’t cause plant disease ?
A．Fungus B．Mold C．Smut D．Rust
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Many people say they love birds, but some plant trees _________ some make cages.
A. until B. though C. unless D. while
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Like all animal species, plant species must spread their offspring to suitable areas where they can grow and pass on their parents’ genes. Young animals generally spread by walking or flying. Because plants don’t have that ability, they must somehow hitchhike(搭車). Some plant seeds scatter by blowing in the wind or floating on water. Many other plant species, though, trick an animal into carrying their seeds. How do they do this? They enclose the seeds within a tasty fruit and advertise the fruit’s ripeness by its colour or smell. The hungry animal collects and swallows the fruit, walks or flies off, and later spits out the seeds somewhere far from its parent tree. Seeds can thereby be carried for thousands of miles. It may surprise you to learn that plant seeds can resist digestion. In fact, some seeds actually require passage through an animal’s body before they can grow.
Wild strawberries offer a good example of hitchhiking tactics. When strawberry seeds are still young and not yet ready to be planted, the surrounding fruit is green, sour and hard. When the seeds finally mature, the berries turn red, sweet, and tender. The change in the berries’ colour serves as a signal to birds which then eat the strawberries, fly off, and eventually spit out the seeds.
Naturally, strawberry plants didn’t set out with a conscious intention of attracting birds only when their seeds were ready to be dispersed. Nor did birds set out with the intent of planting strawberries. Rather, strawberry plants evolved through natural selection. The sweeter and redder the final strawberry, the more birds spread its ripe seeds; the greener and more sour the young strawberry, the fewer birds destroyed the seeds by eating berries before the seeds were ready.
1．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in the third paragraph mean?
A．spread B．eaten
C．born D．planted
2．For plants, which of the following is NOT a way of spreading their offspring to suitable areas?
A．Hitchhiking. B．Blowing in the wind.
C．Floating on water. D．Tracking an animal.
3．Which strategy does the example of wild strawberries describe?
A．The conscious intent of attracting birds. B．Spreading by walking.
C．Spreading by flying. D．The strategy of taking a lift.
4．Why does the author describe how strawberry seeds are spread?
A．To show plants are good at adapting to the environment. .
B．To show strawberry’s special way.
C．To show the plant has different ways of spreading seeds.
D．To show the mystery of plant.
5．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．How animals disperse offspring. B．How plants disperse their offspring.
C．Plant evolution. D．Plants’ hitchhiking on animals.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Like all animal species, plant species must spread their offspring to suitable areas where they can grow and pass on their parents’ genes. Young animals generally spread by walking or flying. Because plants don’t have that ability, they must somehow hitchhike(搭車). Some plant seeds scatter by blowing in the wind or floating on water. Many other plant species, though, trick an animal into carrying their seeds. How do they do this? They enclose the seeds within a tasty fruit and advertise the fruit’s ripeness by its colour or smell. The hungry animal collects and swallows the fruit, walks or flies off, and later spits out the seeds somewhere far from its parent tree. Seeds can thereby be carried for thousands of miles. It may surprise you to learn that plant seeds can resist digestion. In fact, some seeds actually require passage through an animal’s body before they can grow.
Wild strawberries offer a good example of hitchhiking tactics. When strawberry seeds are still young and not yet ready to be planted, the surrounding fruit is green, sour and hard. When the seeds finally mature, the berries turn red, sweet, and tender. The change in the berries’ colour serves as a signal to birds which then eat the strawberries, fly off, and eventually spit out the seeds.
Naturally, strawberry plants didn’t set out with a conscious intention of attracting birds only when their seeds were ready to be dispersed. Nor did birds set out with the intent of planting strawberries. Rather, strawberry plants evolved through natural selection. The sweeter and redder the final strawberry, the more birds spread its ripe seeds; the greener and more sour the young strawberry, the fewer birds destroyed the seeds by eating berries before the seeds were ready.
46．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in the third paragraph mean?
A．spread B．eaten
C．born D．planted
47．For plants, which of the following is NOT a way of spreading their offspring to suitable areas?
A．Hitchhiking. B．Blowing in the wind.
C．Floating on water. D．Tracking an animal.
48．Which strategy does the example of wild strawberries describe?
A．The conscious intent of attracting birds. B．Spreading by walking.
C．Spreading by flying. D．The strategy of taking a lift.
49．Why does the author describe how strawberry seeds are spread?
A．To show plants are good at adapting to the environment. .
B．To show strawberry’s special way.
C．To show the plant has different ways of spreading seeds.
D．To show the mystery of plant.
50．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．How animals disperse offspring. B．How plants disperse their offspring.
C．Plant evolution. D．Plants’ hitchhiking on animals.
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