Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try. “What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition .

1.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B．Opinions about competition are different among people.

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

2.Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It builds up a sense of duty.                B．It pushes society forward.

C．It improves personal abilities.              D．It encourages individual efforts.

3.The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

4.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others’.

B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.

C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.

D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.

5.Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back.

B．Competition should be encouraged.

C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.A

5.D

【解析】

試題分析：可知不同的人對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對(duì)。文章是關(guān)于人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度和不同的觀點(diǎn)。

1.B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章文章主題段第一段n modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.可知不同的人對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，有人認(rèn)為很好，有人反對(duì)。文章是關(guān)于人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度。故B正確。

2.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.可知他們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，故B正確。

3.C 推理題。根據(jù)In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society.有一些人強(qiáng)烈地指責(zé)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，在這些人中最多的就是那些遭受著競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力的年輕人。故the most vocal就是 指那些反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人。故C正確。

4.A 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)2,3行Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.可知A項(xiàng)的觀點(diǎn)與之類似，指人的價(jià)值在于與別人的比較。故A正確。

5.D 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后1句Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition .可知在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中要去除恐懼，只有這樣我們才能理解競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的真正的含義。故D正確。

考點(diǎn)：考查議論文短文閱讀

點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章是關(guān)于人們對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度和不同的觀點(diǎn)。測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。