Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential to one's life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.
But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33%—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.
For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.”
【小題1】The main idea of the passage is that _______.
| A．breakfast has nothing to do with people's health |
| B．a good breakfast used to be important to us |
| C．breakfast is not as important to us as gasoline to a car |
| D．breakfast is not as important as we thought before |
| A．several studies have been done in the past few years |
| B．the omission of breakfast has little effect on one’s work |
| C．grown-ups have especially made studies in this field |
| D．eating little in the morning is good for health |
| A．people without breakfast can improve their work |
| B．not giving people breakfast improves work |
| C．having breakfast does not improve work, either |
| D．people having breakfast do improve their work, too |
| A．stories, poems, play, etc |
| B．written works on a particular subject |
| C．newspaper articles |
| D．the modern literature of America |
| A．breakfast does not affect work |
| B．Dr Polite works at an institution of higher learning |
| C．not eating breakfast might affect the health of children |
| D．Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London |
【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】C
【小題4】B
【小題5】C
解析試題分析：
【小題1】D 主旨大意題。根據文章第三段For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast.說明現在一些新的研究發現不吃早飯對人的影響不大，故D正確。
【小題2】B 推理題。根據第三段2,3行for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work說明不吃早飯對人們的影響不大。故B項內容正確。
【小題3】C 推理題。根據“Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.” 說明說明他們認為不吃早飯不會影響工作，吃了早飯也改善不了工作，故C項正確。
【小題4】B 推理題。根據文章最后一段可知這里的“The literature”在指以前的所寫認為不吃早飯有很害的作品。
【小題5】C 推理題。根據最后一段and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups.說明該研究涉及的是成年人，而不是兒童，故不吃早飯可能對兒童有較大的影響，故C項正確。
考點：考查健康類短文閱讀
點評：本文是關于一場討論，不吃早飯究竟對人有沒有影響。以前的研究認為有很大的影響，而最近的研究則認為影響不是很大。
考查推理題為主，解此類題需要結合上下文提供的語境和信息進行簡單的概括和判斷。
名師金手指領銜課時系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆四川省高二下學期期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
The evidence for harmony （ 和諧）may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image(形象) of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. "We were surprised by just how positive today's young people seem to be about their families," said one member of the research team. "They're expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There's more negotiation(商議) and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don't want to rock the boat."
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. "My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me," says 17-years-old Daniel Lazall. " I always tell them when I'm going out clubbing. As long as they know what I'm doing, they're fine with it." Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. "Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that."
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, "Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over."
1.According to the author, teenage rebellion ________.
A．resulted from changes in families
B．is common nowadays
C．may be a false belief
D．existed only in the 1960s
2.What is the passage mainly about?
A．Education in family
B．Harmony in family
C．Teenage trouble in family
D．Negotiation in family
3.The study shows that teenagers don't want to ________.
A．go boating with their family
B．share family responsibility
C．make family decisions
D．cause trouble in their families
4.Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today's parents ________.
A．care less about their children's life
B．go to clubs more often with their children
C．give their children more freedom
D．are much stricter with their children
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根據所給句子的意思，填上合適的單詞，并注意其正確形式，首字母或中文已給出。
1.There is no indoor swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim o_________.
2.Sorry, I can’t go with you. I’m s ______ from a serious headache.
3.Believe it or not, my old school friend has changed so much that I can’t r____________ him.
4.I can’t express how g_______________ I am for what you’ve done for me.
5.Although she is Chinese, she can speak English and French _________ (流利地).
6.Many young men ______________ (不同意) with their parents on most things because of the generation gap.
7.Walk two _____________（街區）, and you’ll find the super market at the corner.
8.Never tell him a secret, because he has got a （松的）tongue.
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請根據字面提示與句意，用必修1Unit1-2中所學新詞、短語或句型的適當形式補充句子。注意每空一詞，并將答案填寫在答題卷標號為61-85的相應位置上。
1.The survey shows that the spread of the disease has caused growing public ________(擔憂).
2.It was warm enough to be ________(戶外) all afternoon.
3.The ship will start its first ________(航行) next Monday.
4.In order to get this job done well, you have to speak ________(流利) in at least two African languages.
5.By the age of two a child will have a ________(詞匯量) of about two hundred words.
6.Building of the new library should begin in the ________(較后) part of next year.
7.His ________(口音) suggested that he was not a native here.
8.Although they are twins, they look ________(完全) different.
9.Both parents and ________(青少年) must try to bridge the generation gap between them
10.She had changed so much that I didn't r________ her until she began to talk.
11.I am not from Netherlands; a________, I am from Denmark.
12.I'm afraid I can't help you at p________; I'm too busy.
13.This autumn the BBC will be showing a s________ of French films.
14.Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a ________(settle).
15.Facial ________(express) are important in communication.
16.他冷靜下來后提出來的點子確實行得通。
The idea that he ________ ________ ________ when calmed down did work.
17.朋友對我們很重要，但我們常把友情的存在看得過于理所當然。
Friends ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ our lives, though we may take the fact of friendship for granted.
18.老師建議我們不要憑感覺，而是根據事實作出結論。
The teacher suggested that we ________ ________ our conclusions ________ facts rather than feelings.
19.他想出名。他已經厭煩一直當無名小卒了。
He wanted to be famous -- he ________ ________ ________ being nobody.
20.那是我第一次跟一個西班牙學生面對面說話，結果還不錯。
It ________ the first time that I ________ ________ with a Spanish student face to face. It turned out that we got along quite well.
21.I'm grateful that you helped me out.
= I'm grateful ________ ________ ________ ________ me out
22.She was absent from school because she was ill.
=" She" was absent from school ________ ________ ________.
23.We should ask the student to fully use the Internet resources.
=" We" should ask the student to _______ ________ ________ _______ the Internet resources.
24.There are more than 3,000 students in our school.
=" ________" ________ _______ the students in our school _______ more than 3,000.
25.I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. (對劃線部分進行強調)
________ ________ ________ ________ I met Li Ming at the railway station.
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There are two methods by which hydrogen (氫) can be used to power cars. The first way is to use hydrogen to drive the engine, in much the same way as many cars use gas. The second method is to use the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen in a battery, making the car a kind of electric one.
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Indeed, some of the big name automobile producers have pulled out of the race to put the first practical hydrogen car on the streets. Ford and GM have announced that they are pulling out in America and so has Renault in France.
However, the Japanese companies are pressing on. In fact, Honda introduced its first hydrogen fuel cell car in 1999. They are now producing second generation hydrogen car known as the FCX Clarity. Guess where they are available for sale? In only one city because of its filling stations.
Honda thinks that they could go into full-scale production of the FCX Clarity by 2020 if the world is prepared for them by then.
Then there are hydrogen-powered buses in several European cities including Amsterdam, Barcelona, Hamburg, London, Luxembourg and Madrid. Lotus, the makers of London taxis, have announced that they propose to manufacture hydrogen-powered taxis in time for the London Olympics.
So, the hydrogen vehicle is out there and the numbers will be growing fairly soon. The buses go back to their bus station, where an electrolyzing machine changes water into fuel for them to fill up on and the same will be the case for many of London’s taxis.
Unfortunately, getting fuel is not the only difficulty for the average motorist, a number of these vehicles cost about $300,000 each.
1.According to the text, hydrogen-powered buses ________.
|
A．can easily be filled up with gas. |
|
B．are likely to sell well in the future. |
|
C．are mainly used in the United States |
|
D．won’t be used in the London Olympics |
2.What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to?
|
A．Japanese companies |
B．Hydrogen buses |
|
C．The FCX Clarity |
D．Filling stations |
3.Where are hydrogen cars currently available for sale?
|
A．In Barcelona |
B．In Hamburg |
C．In London |
D．In Los Angeles |
4.We can learn from the text that ________.
|
A．there are sixty hydrogen filling stations all over the world |
|
B．hydrogen vehicles fueled by water will be very expensive |
|
C．Honda will mass-produce the FCX Clarity by 2012 |
|
D．Honda produced its first hydrogen car in 1989 |
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Poverty is not first thing that comes to mind when you think of Japan. After all, there are no children begging on the streets in major cities here. You do not often see Japanese citizens publicly letting out their complaints over the country’s economic decline. But senior government researcher Aya Abe says Japan has the fourth highest rate of child poverty among developed countries.
She says she sees that poverty in schools where students admit to only bathing once a week. Some cannot afford to buy pencils for class.
“They may not be on the streets begging or they may not be turning into criminals, but it’s there. It’s just that we have to open our eyes and see,” Abe said.
Abe owes the increase in child poverty to the country’s changing demographics(人口統計), struggling economy and high social security premiums(保險費). She says fewer people live in three-generation households, where the parents and grandparents work. The number of single mothers has increased. The salary for young fathers has declined with the economic downturn. Social security premiums have increased in the last 20 years, putting families on the edge of poverty.
Abe says studies conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD ) point to rising poverty in Japan before the global economic crises in 2008. But the Japanese government and the public refused to acknowledge it until then partly because of the shame associated with poverty.
“It was very unpopular for Japanese media to say anything about Japanese poverty,” said Abe. “Even though OECD Japan announced it in Japanese, Japanese media didn’t make it into the articles.”
Abe says new Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama has taken one important step to help alleviate (緩解) the problem. Next year, his Democratic Party of Japan plans to double monthly child care allowances given to families.
But Abe wants the government to expand its financial help even more. She wants it to simplify the process to apply for public assistance and provide educational grants for students struggling to pay for tuition at high schools and colleges. The country now only offers loans.
Abe also says the government must act quickly because she says the problem will only get worse in the next few years.
1. The passage is intended to _________.
A. report the result of the studies conducted by OECD
B. tell us about the increase in Japanese child poverty
C. prove that Japan is no longer a developed country
D. introduce Aya Abe, a senior government researcher
2. It seems to be hard to associate Japan with poverty because _______.
A. no children are seen begging in the streets of main cities in Japan
B. its citizens never complain about the country’s economic decline
C. it is one of the few wealthiest countries in the world
D. its government and public refused to acknowledge it
3. According to Abe, several things contribute to the rising child poverty except________.
A. high social security premiums
B. the increase of the number of single mothers
C. the decrease of the salary for young fathers
D. the expansion of three-generation households
4. Why was it unpopular for Japanese media to say anything about Japanese poverty?
A. The Japanese public didn’t think it true.
B. It was forbidden by the Japanese government.
C. The Japanese public regarded it shameful to be poor.
D. OECD Japan had already announced it in Japanese.
5. Which of the following is NOT the author’s suggestion for alleviating this problem?
A. Doubling monthly child care allowances given to families.
B. Expanding government’s financial help even more.
C. Providing educational grants for poor students.
D. Simplifying the process to apply for public assistance.
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