Question

閱讀理解

Nelson Mandela

　　Nelson Mandela is one of the great political leaders of our time．His lifelong efforts to the fight against racial(種族)oppression(壓迫)in his country won him the admiration(欽慕)of millions worldwide, as well as the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize．As the leader of South Africa’s anti-apartheid movement, Mandela was a key player in helping to move his country toward multiracial government and majority rule．

　　Mandela’s long, hard struggle is a victory of dignity(尊嚴)and hope．During his 27 years of imprisonment, he gained support the world over for his fight against apartheid(種族隔離)．His determination and self-sacrifice(自我犧牲)eventually resulted in a free, multiracial democracy(多種族民主)for South Africa．In December 1996, he personally signed his country’s new constitution(憲法), which put an end to the unjust policies of the former racist(種族)government．

　　Mandela has always spoken out for what he believes in．He’s a man of true courage．If determination and patience were considered talents, Mandela would win hands down in any sort of competition．

Accomplishments(成就)＆fame(名譽)

　　Nelson Mandela’s greatest accomplishments were his role in ending apartheid, and becoming South Africa’s first elected black president．He has been the recipient(收件人)of dozens upon dozens of awards, prizes and honors from countless associations and organizations, but perhaps none more prestigious(聲望很高)than the Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with former South African President Frederik W．de Klerk, in 1993．

　　He has been awarded several other major peace prizes, such as the UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Peace Prize in 1991(also shared with F．W．de Klerk); the Africa Peace Award in 1995 and the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 2002．

　　Mr．Mandela also received dozens of honorary degrees(名譽學位)from universities the world over, including the Universities of Bristol, Cambridge, Glasgow, London, Nottingham, and Oxford, as well as an Honorary Doctorate from the Sorbonne University in Paris(all in July 1996), and Harvard Business School’s Statesman of the Year Award in 1995－to name but a few．He has also been presented(贈送)with the key to cities such as Rome, Rio de Janeiro, London, Dublin, and Sydney, Australia(where he became the first person ever to receive the Freedom of that city)．In July of 2002, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States’ highest civilian(公民)award．

Model

　　There’s something admirable about having been a leader fighting for a person’s freedom and equality in an unjust society．Mandela has become a worldwide symbol(楷模)of the struggle of the oppressed(被壓迫者)over the oppressor．He has been celebrated in song by artists the world over, in many different languages．One entitled “Nelson Mandela” was recorded by British 2-Tone group The Special A．K．A(formerly The Specials); making the top 10 in the UK and a few other European nations in 1984．

personal style

　　As a president, Mandela sported the typical garb(服飾)of high-ranking government officials：expensive, well-tailored(縫制精致的)suits．Now retired(退役)from public life, Mandela the elder statesman dresses in an ordinary way．

　　He attends many activities, often where he is the guest of honor, in bright, colorfully patterned(典型的)traditional African robes(長袍)or shirts all the better for getting down when the music begins．

1．Mandela was not only admired(欽慕)for his long fight against ________ but also for ________．

2．How many peaceful prize has Mandela got? He has got ________ in 1991, ________ in 1995 and ________ in 2002．

3．Where did he got the Presidential Medal of Freedom, highest civilian award?________．

4．Mandela is a man full of ________ and his greatest success was to play a part in getting rid of ________ and to be elected ________．

Answer 1

答案：
解析：

　　答案：1．racial oppression; Nobel Peace Prize

　　2．UNESCO Peace Prize　the Africa Peace Award　the International Gandhi Peace Prize

　　3．In the United States

　　4．true courage　apartheid　South Africa’s first black president

　　解析：1．此題是考查段落的細節理解的填空題。根據問題中的not only…but also…來分析，可從第一段第一句as well as推斷出相關的句子意思，最好應該是racial oppression; Nobel Peace Prize。

　　2．此題同樣是細節理解題。根據第五段首句“such as the UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Peace Prize in 1991(also shared with F．W．de Klerk); the Africa Peace Award in 1995 and the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 2002．”分析，可判定第一句such as是舉例，從而可推斷問題中的幾個時間段，所獲和評獎情況，所以UNESCO Peace Prize; the Africa Peace Award and the International Gandhi Peace Prize。

　　3．考查替換詞，從第五段最后一句 “he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States’ highest civilian(公民)award”推測，問題中where取代了文中作定語的the United States，所以，In the United States最合適。

　　4．同樣是填詞題，考查整體的理解、分析和應用能力。根據文中第三段第二句“He’s a man of true courage”以及第四段第一句“Nelson Mandela’s greatest accomplishments were his role in ending apartheid, and becoming South Africa’s first elected black president”中true courage; apartheid, and South Africa’s first black president．”推斷，問題中success與文中accomplishments意義相近；was elected代替了文中作定語的elected，所以應該是true courage; apartheid，and South Africa’s first black president。