Ears are for hearing — everyone knows that. But for a creature called the Cuvier’s beaked whale, hearing starts in the throat (喉嚨), a new study found.
The observation might help explain how all whales hear. The work might also help scientists understand how animals ar
e affected by underwater sonar (聲吶). This sonar, used by some ships, sends out sound waves to locate underwater objects.
The Cuvier’s beaked whale is a so-called toothed whale. Toothed whales dive deep into the ocean in search of food. As the whales hunt, they produce sounds that reach objects and then return to the whales. This allows the animals to “see” the shape, size, and location of objects, even when they’re 1,000 meters under the sea, where it is totally dark.
To better understand how the whale hears, researchers from San Diego State University in California took X rays of two Cuvier’s beaked whales. The whales had died and washed up on the beach.
Ted Cranford and his colleagues used the images to make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head. Then, they modeled the process of sound traveling through the head.
The researchers knew that some sounds get to the ears of a toothed whale through a structure (構造) called “the window for sound”. Found on the lower jaw, this structure is very thin on the outside and has a large pad (墊) of fat on the inside.
When the researchers used their computer model to work out how sound waves travel in the whale’s head, they were surprised to find that sounds coming from right in front of the whale actually travel under the animal’s jaw. From there, sound waves move through the throat, into a hole in the back of the jaw, and finally to the pad of fat near the animal’s ears.
69. 【小題1】Toothed whales look for food under the sea by ______.
| A．watching the shape and size of their objects | B．diving deep into the sea |
| C．sending and receiving sounds | D．making lots of noises |
| A．find out why they had died and washed up on the beach |
| B．make a computer model of a Cuvier’s beaked whale’s head |
| C．make sure that sound travels through the head |
| D．know more about the way the whale hears |
| A．A hole in the back of the jaw → the ears → the jaw → the throat. |
| B． The jaw → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the ears. |
| C． The throat → the jaw → the ears → a hole in the back of the jaw. |
| D．The ears → the throat → a hole in the back of the jaw → the jaw. |
| A．The throat is important to the Cuvier’s beaked whale’s hearing. |
| B．Ships send out sound waves like a Cuvier’s beaked whale. |
| C．The ears are actually useless to the Cuvier’s beaked whale. |
| D．The researchers haven’t found how the whales hear. |
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
根據短文內容, 從下面A到F選項中選出能夠概括每段主題的最佳選項, 選項中有一項為多余項
| A. Tools of thought B. A reflection of your personality C. An indication of your intelligence D. The explosive effect of words E. A direction of the history F. Change the direction of your life |
(填涂說明：E=A+D F=B+D G=C+D )
|
|
The extent of your vocabulary indicates the degree of your intelligence. Your brain power will increase as you learn to know more words. Here's the proof. Two classes in a high school were selected for an experiment. Their ages and their environment were the same. Each class represented an identical cross-section of the community. One, the control class, took the normal courses. The other class was given special vocabulary training. At the end of the period the marks of the latter class surpassed those of the control group, not only in English, but in every subject, including mathematics and the sciences. Similarly it has been found by Professor Lewis M.Terman, of Stanford University, that a vocabulary test is as accurate a measure of intelligence as any three units of the standard and accepted Stanford-Binet I.Q. tests.
The study of words is not merely something that has to do with literature. Words are your tools of thought. You can't even think at all without them. Try it. If you are planning to go down town this afternoon you will find that you are saying to yourself: "I think I will go down town this afternoon." You can't make such a simple decision as this without using words. Your words are your keys for your thoughts. And the more words you have at your command the deeper, clearer and more accurate will be your thinking.
A command of English will not only improve the processes of your mind. It will give you assurance; build your self-confidence; lend color to your personality; increase your popularity. Your words are your personality. Your vocabulary is you. Your words are all that we, your friends, have to know and judge you by. You have no other medium for telling us your thoughts-for convincing us, persuading us, giving us orders.
Words are explosive. Phrases are packed with TNT.A simple word can destroy a friendship. The proper phrases in the mouths of clerks have quadrupled the sales of a department store. The wrong words used by a campaign orator have lost an election. For instance, on one occasion the four unfortunate words, "Rum, Romanism and a Rebellion" used in a Republican campaign speech threw the Catholic vote and the presidential victory to Grover Cleveland. Ears are won by words. Soldiers fight for a phrase. "Make the world safe for Democracy." "All out for England." "V for Victory." The " Remember the Maine" of Spanish war days has now been changed to "Remember Pearl Harbor."
Words have changed the direction of history. Words can also change the direction of your life. They have often raised a man from mediocrity to success. If you consciously increase your vocabulary you will unconsciously raise yourself to a more important station in life, and the new and higher position you have won will, in turn, give you a better opportunity for further enriching your vocabulary. It is a beautiful and successful cycle.
（ Today’s opportunity erase yesterday’s failures.）
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年陜西省西安市高一上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：其他題
根據短文內容, 從下面A到F選項中選出能夠概括每段主題的最佳選項, 選項中有一項為多余項
|
A. Tools of thought B. A reflection of your personality C. An indication of your intelligence D. The explosive effect of words E. A direction of the history F. Change the direction of your life |
(填涂說明：E="A+D " F="B+D " G="C+D" )
|
1. |
|
The extent of your vocabulary indicates the degree of your intelligence. Your brain power will increase as you learn to know more words. Here's the proof. Two classes in a high school were selected for an experiment. Their ages and their environment were the same. Each class represented an identical cross-section of the community. One, the control class, took the normal courses. The other class was given special vocabulary training. At the end of the period the marks of the latter class surpassed those of the control group, not only in English, but in every subject, including mathematics and the sciences. Similarly it has been found by Professor Lewis M.Terman, of Stanford University, that a vocabulary test is as accurate a measure of intelligence as any three units of the standard and accepted Stanford-Binet I.Q. tests.
|
2. |
|
The study of words is not merely something that has to do with literature. Words are your tools of thought. You can't even think at all without them. Try it. If you are planning to go down town this afternoon you will find that you are saying to yourself: "I think I will go down town this afternoon." You can't make such a simple decision as this without using words. Your words are your keys for your thoughts. And the more words you have at your command the deeper, clearer and more accurate will be your thinking.
|
3. |
|
A command of English will not only improve the processes of your mind. It will give you assurance; build your self-confidence; lend color to your personality; increase your popularity. Your words are your personality. Your vocabulary is you. Your words are all that we, your friends, have to know and judge you by. You have no other medium for telling us your thoughts-for convincing us, persuading us, giving us orders.
|
4. |
|
Words are explosive. Phrases are packed with TNT.A simple word can destroy a friendship. The proper phrases in the mouths of clerks have quadrupled the sales of a department store. The wrong words used by a campaign orator have lost an election. For instance, on one occasion the four unfortunate words, "Rum, Romanism and a Rebellion" used in a Republican campaign speech threw the Catholic vote and the presidential victory to Grover Cleveland. Ears are won by words. Soldiers fight for a phrase. "Make the world safe for Democracy." "All out for England." "V for Victory." The " Remember the Maine" of Spanish war days has now been changed to "Remember Pearl Harbor."
|
5. |
|
Words have changed the direction of history. Words can also change the direction of your life. They have often raised a man from mediocrity to success. If you consciously increase your vocabulary you will unconsciously raise yourself to a more important station in life, and the new and higher position you have won will, in turn, give you a better opportunity for further enriching your vocabulary. It is a beautiful and successful cycle.
（ Today’s opportunity erase yesterday’s failures.）
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科目：高中英語 來源：山西省期末題 題型：閱讀理解
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Welcome to the Arctic f It includes the Arctic Ocean and the land near it．The Arctic is a habitat where many animals live．The walrus（海象），polar bear，snowy owl（雪鶚）and arctic fox ore a few of those animals．They have different ways to survive the cold．
WalrusA walrus spends most of its time in the icy water．This marine animal has a thick layer of blubber（海獸脂）under its skin to keep it warm．When a walrus swims，its body works in a special way to stay warm．Blood flows away from its skin to important organs inside its body．They include the heart and brain．That keeps heat from leaving the walrus’s body，and the animal’s skin turns white．When the walrus is walrus again，its skin tunas a pink color．
Polar bearA polar bear has special fur to keep it warm．Each hair is shaped like a straw．The shape helps direct sunlight toward the bear’s black skin The black skin collects and holds in heat．Polar bears also have a layer of blubber under their skin．
Snowy owlHow does a snowy owl stay warm? It has two layers of feathers．They cover the owl’s entire body，including its legs and feet．The bottom layer of feathers，called down，is soft．The outer layer of feathers is thick．In strong wind，the snowy owl may hide on the ground behind a pile of snow or rocks to block the wind．
Arctic fox
The arctic fox’s adaptation to its cold habitat includes a compact body with short legs，shortears，dense fur，and thickly haired feet，which protect against the cold and provide traction（摩擦）on ice．The arctic fox has short legs and short ears．Less surface area reduces heat loss Some animals in desert areas have larger ears for more surface area in order to keep cool．
1．Which of the following animals have a lot of fat?
A．Walrus and polar bear． B．Walrus and arctic fox．
C．Polar bear and snowy owl． D．Polar bear and arctic fox．
2．What purpose does a polar bear’s hair serve?
A．To block the wind． B．To transfer heat to its body．
C．To reduce heat loss． D．To store heat．
3．The arctic fox’s feet are covered with thick hair so as to ．
a．protect against the cold b．protect its skin
c．float on ice d．make it easy to walk on ice
A．a，c B．b，c C．a，d D．e，d
4．Which of the following do you agree with according to the passage?
A．Most Arctic animals depend on their feathers to survive the cold．
B．There are few animals living in the Arctic．
C．Many animals’ large ears are of no practical use．
D．The skin color of some animals is related to their body temperature．
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多途選項。
The tradition of birthday parties started in Europe a long time ago．It was feared that evil spirits were particularly attracted to people on their birthdays. 71 Giving gifts brought even more good cheer to keep away from the evil spirits．This is how birthday parties began．
The following are some countries' birthday traditions:
Canada ——Greasing the nose with butter．In Atlantic Canada, the birthday child's nose is greased for good luck．
China —— 72 The birthday child pays respect to his/her parents and receives a gift of money．Friends and relatives are invited to lunch and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life．
England —Fortune telling cakes．Certain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it is being prepared．_ 73
Italy ——Pulling ears．The child's ears are pulled as many times as how old they are turning．
Japan ——New clothes．The birthday child wears entirely new clothes to mark the occasion．
New Zealand—— 74 After the birthday cake is lit, the happy birthday song is sung loudly and often out of tune and then the birthday person receives a clap for each year they have been alive and then one for good luck．
The United States ——Cake, candles and song．_ 75
A．A cake is made, and candles are put on top based on how old the person is．
B．In China, on a child's second birthday, family members put many things on the floor around the child．
C．If your piece of cake has a coin in it, then you will be rich．
D．To protect them from harm, friends and family would come to stay with the birthday person and bring good thoughts and wishes．
E．Noodles for lunch．
F．The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago．
G．Birthday claps．
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