Question

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.
In the same way, children are learning to do all the other things: they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine(常規(guī)) work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to judge their own understanding, and how to know what they know or do not know.
【小題1】The first paragraph is written mainly to _________.

A．give advice on children’s language learning

B．tell us the fewer mistakes we correct, the better children will learn a language

C．suggest children are often too stubborn to accept advice

D．lead to the topic of the passage

【小題2】Which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do?

A．Give children correct answers.

B．Allow children to make mistakes.

C．Point out children’s mistakes to them.

D．Let children mark their own work.

【小題3】According to the writer, teachers in school should ________.

A．a(chǎn)llow children to learn from each other

B．point out children’s mistakes whenever found

C．give children more book knowledge

D．correct children’s mistakes as soon as possible

【小題4】According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by _______.

A．listening to skilled people’s advice

B．a(chǎn)sking older people many questions

C．making mistakes and having them corrected

D．doing what other people do

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】C
【小題3】A
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：本文分析了教育的實質(zhì)就是給孩子自己糾正自己錯誤的機(jī)會，讓他們自己觀察別人仍然改正自己的問題，最后取得了進(jìn)步。
【小題1】D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段前2行Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking.說明本文是關(guān)于如何教育孩子的問題，第一段只是一個引導(dǎo)段落而已，是為了引起下文討論的話題。故D項正確。
【小題2】C 推理題。根據(jù)第三段前4行If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine(常規(guī)) work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer.說明很多時候我們老師都是直接指出學(xué)生的問題和錯誤，使學(xué)生失去了自己糾正錯誤的機(jī)會，C項內(nèi)容正確。
【小題3】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后3行Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.說明要讓學(xué)生們相互幫助相互學(xué)習(xí)，這樣才可以由最好的效果，故A正確。
【小題4】D 推理題。根據(jù)第一段后4行He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.說明很多孩子都是通過模仿別人所做來糾正自己的行為，然后再取得進(jìn)步，故D項正確。
考點：考查教育類短文閱讀
點評：本文講述了要給孩子機(jī)會自我糾正，自我提高。考查推理題較多，推理判定題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);②要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從非凡到一般，通過分析、綜合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。③要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知。立足現(xiàn)在，猜測未來。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;④要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。要體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摸作者的態(tài)度，摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。