Question

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The Nobel Prizes

The prizes are awarded by the Nobel Foundation（基金會）for outstanding achievements or contributions in these areas: chemistry, physics, medicine or physiology, literature and peace. Each prize has three parts. The first part is a gold medal. Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma（證書）saying that he has been awarded the prize. The third part of the prize is a large amount of money. Often a prize is awarded to just one person, but not always. Sometimes a prize is shared, maybe by two or more people who have worked together to reach a goal. Since the Nobel Prizes are international prizes, scientists, inventors, writers, and diplomats（外交官）from all countries may receive a prize. Sometimes, two people from countries with different political views may even share a prize. An example of this is the 1973 Peace Prize, which was awarded to Henry Kissinger of the United States and to Le Due Tho of North Vietnam for the Vietnam（越南）peace negotiations（談判）.It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given. If there is no outstanding achievement in one of these areas, no prize is given in that area. In 1972, for example, no Nobel Peace Prize was given. Someone must decide whether or not to give an award. The process of nominating（提名，推薦）and choosing Nobel Prize winners has two parts. First, nominations, or recommendations of people who might deserve（應得）a Nobel Prize, are made. The nominations in physics and chemistry are made by the Royal Academy（研究員，學會）of Science in Stockholm. The nominations in medicine or physiology are made by the Caroline Medical Institute, which is also in Stockholm. The Swedish Academy, along with the French and Spanish Academies, makes nominations in literature. The peace prize nominations are made by a committee of the Norwegian government. Many nominations are made in each area. Nominations from these groups begin the process of choosing the Nobel Prize winners.

The second part of the process of choosing Nobel Prize winners is to decide which of the nominees deserves the award in each area. This decision is made by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. The Foundation may decide not to give a prize at all in any area.

1.A Nobel Prize is given in the form of _____________.

A. a large quantity of money　　　　　　　　　　   B.a diploma

C.a gold medal　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D.all of the above

2.The 1973 Peace Prize was awarded to _____________.

A.Henry Kissinger　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.Le Duo Tho

C.two persons from one country　　　　　　    D.two individuals from different countries

3.Sometimes a prize is not given because there is _____________.

A.no remarkable achievement in that area

B.no suitable nomination

C.disagreement among committee members

D.financial（經濟的）shortage

4.The decision of literature prize winner is made by_____________.

A.the Swedish Academy and the French and Spanish Academies

B.the Nobel Foundation

C.a committee for the Norwegian government

D.the Royal Academy of Science in Stockholm

5.We can infer from this passage that_____________.

A.the Nobel Prize is given in six areas

B.the Nobel prizewinners are very carefully chosen

C.sometimes the Nobel Prize is not given

D.the Nobel Prize is international

 

Answer 1

答案：D;D;A;A;B
解析：

1、本題為概括歸納題。參見文章第一段可知，諾貝爾獎分三部分：金質獎章、證書和獎金。 2、該題為細節判斷題。文章第二段“An example of this is the 1973 Peace Prize, which was awarded to Henry Kissinger of the United States and to Le Due Tho of North Vietnam for the Vietnam（越南）peace negotiations.”一句中含有對該問題的回答。 3、該題為細節判斷題。文章第二段“It is also sometimes true that a prize is not given. If there is no outstanding achievement in one of these areas, no prize is given in that area.”一句有具體說明。 4、參考文章第三段中“The Swedish Academy, along with the French and Spanish Academies, makes nominations in literature.”一句。 5、本題為推理判斷題。根據文章的細節說明作出推理判斷。通過閱讀文章可以知道，諾貝爾獎的提名與選擇都非常嚴格、認真。因此，B項為正確答案。

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