Question

If you are afraid of the dark，it’s not a big deal．It’s perfectly normal to feel afraid After all，animals do too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist．“It’s a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”
Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways．A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell．A  small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches．
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red—eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps（果凍一樣的塊狀物）of their eggs to the undersides of leaves．The leaves hang on branches that dangle（懸掛）over ponds．After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles（蝌蚪）then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching．If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red—eyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs don’t always hatch sooner．It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger．Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos（胚胎）to grow big and strong．This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water．
【小題1】It can be inferred from the passage that fears      .

A．help animals grow bigger and stronger

B．a(chǎn)re less common among young animals

C．help animals move a lot to fit the environment

D．a(chǎn)re more or less important in order for animals to survive

【小題2】We are told in the passage that tree frogs       .

A．face danger both inside their eggs and in the water

B．will grow fast if they fall into the water later

C．a(chǎn)re surprisingly clever when inside their eggs

D．stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened

【小題3】Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because

A．They like falling into the water early

B．They want to grow into adult frog

C． They sense a hungry snake is about to attack

D．Frog embryos can grow strong

【小題4】What is the best title of the passage ？

A．What is Fear	B．Why do we feel afraid
C．You feel afraid，animals do too	D．Fear is a good thing

【小題5】What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule．

B．How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them．

C．Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way．

D．How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】D
【小題5】C

解析試題分析：本文敘述了人們和動(dòng)物常見的一種現(xiàn)象就是恐懼。本文主要談及的是恐懼是一種好事，然后舉例論述這一觀點(diǎn)，許多動(dòng)物對(duì)于恐懼的反映是不同的，但是也有一些你想象不到的反映方式，然后短文以紅眼樹蛙為例，當(dāng)它孵化蛋時(shí)，如果害怕遇到蛇的攻擊提前孵化出來，掉到水里的蝌蚪能夠逃離蛇的攻擊。
【小題1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)because fear makes you do things that keep you alive 故選D。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．在孵化期間害怕蛇的攻擊，在水里害怕水里色其他動(dòng)物把蝌蚪吃掉，故選A。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.因?yàn)閷?duì)它有威脅的蛇不會(huì)游泳，提前孵化出來，掉到水里，蝌蚪能夠逃離蛇的攻擊了，故選C。
【小題4】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)Fear matters It’s a good thing，害怕是一種好事，故選D。
【小題5】推測(cè)下文題。根據(jù)Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs.既然這是舉例，有了第一個(gè)例子，那么它的后面必需還有例子，故選C。
考點(diǎn)：科普類短文閱讀。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：推測(cè)下文題應(yīng)通過對(duì)文字表面的認(rèn)識(shí)，把握住推理范圍，利用相關(guān)部分提供的事實(shí)、背景知識(shí)和自己固有的綜合知識(shí)，保持正確的思維過程和遵循嚴(yán)格的邏輯規(guī)律，做出正確的推斷。還需要把上下文的意思聯(lián)系起來，弄懂前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。同時(shí)也要注意句子間或段落間的上下過渡，或呼應(yīng)的承接詞語的作用，包括連接詞、某些副詞及介詞短語等等。這些承接詞語往往被用來表示主題思想與輔助論點(diǎn)之間、輔助論點(diǎn)本身之間的聯(lián)系。我們可把它們看作信號(hào)詞，對(duì)我們的思維起著指示方向的作用。借助它們的提示，才可以準(zhǔn)確地分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和段落結(jié)構(gòu)，分清層次，確定文章的主題思想和細(xì)節(jié)等等，然后推測(cè)出在這篇短文之后再需寫什么與上文有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。