Question

Have successful people ever felt sad? Do they have any “secrets” to success? The answers to these questions can be found in US president Barack Obama’s “back to school” speech. Here is an excerpt(摘錄) from his speech.
I know that sometimes, you get the sense that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through pop music or basketball or being a TV star, when chances are, you’re not going to be any of those things.
But the truth is, being successful is hard. You won’t love every subject you study. Not all the homework will seem rather important to your life right this minute. And you may not succeed at everything the first time you try.
That’s OK. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the most failures (the opposite of success). JK Rowling’s first Harry Potter book was turned down 12 times before it finally came out. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team, and he lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots (投籃) during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”
These people succeeded because they understand that you can’t let your failures beat you—you have to let them teach you. You have to let them show you what to do differently next time.
No one’s born being good at things. You become good at things through hard work.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to tell when you don’t know something, and to learn something new.
And even when you’re struggling(奮斗), even when you’re discouraged (泄氣), and you feel other people have given up on you—don’t ever give up on yourself. Because when you give up on yourself, you give up on your country.
【小題1】Why does Barack Obama mention (提到) JK Rowling and Michael Jordan in the third paragraph?

A．To compare these two famous persons.

B．To explain that the more failures he has, the more successful he is.

C．If you want to be successful, you should fail first.

D．To show that failure is the mother of success.

【小題2】 Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．No one can be successful without working hard.

B．Failure can be good if you treat it in a right way.

C．Those who believe in themselves shouldn’t ask others for help.

D．One should try his best to make his dream come true.

【小題3】Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined sentence?

A．One shouldn’t ask questions because it is a sign of strength.

B．One should believe in himself though he will face much difficulty.

C．One doesn’t have to work hard when he has failed several times.

D．One doesn’t have to ask for help because it is a sign of weakness.

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】C
【小題3】B

解析試題分析：這篇短文引用奧巴馬的一個演講來告訴我們怎樣才能成功。通過奧巴馬的演講我們可以知道，要想成功，就必須努力學習，沒有人會隨隨便便成功。演講中奧巴馬還為我們舉了JK Rowling和Michael Jordan的例子，他們在獲得成功之前都曾經失敗過很多次。
【小題1】推理判斷題。在這段中奧巴馬是想告訴我們很多名人在成名之前其實也經歷過很多的失敗，所以成功的獲得并不是容易的，失敗是成功之母。故選D。
【小題2】細節理解題。根據文章中Don’t be afraid to ask questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for help isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s a sign of strength. It shows you have the courage to tell when you don’t know something, and to learn something new. 這段的內容可知，想要成功并不是說就要完全的依靠自己，我們不應該害怕向別人求助，這是力量的象征，它表明你有勇氣告訴別人你不知道的事情，同時也會學到新的事情。C選項的表達和這段是不符的，故選C。
【小題3】句意理解題。文章中劃線的句子意為：甚至當你在奮斗的時候，在你泄氣的時候，在你其他人都已經放棄你的時候，不要放棄你自己。故B選項的句子：即使面對很多困難也要相信自己。這句話與文章中的意思是最接近的。故選B。
考點：教育類短文閱讀。