Question

When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often: It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.
People who are nearsighted（近視的） can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.
People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book if they don't hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白內障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
When night falls, colors become fainter（更模糊） to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it anymore, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive (敏感的) in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark,
小題1:According to the passage, a _______ is more likely to be nearsighted.

A．guard

B．doctor

C．writer

D．painter

小題2:People who are farsighted _______.

A．cannot do a lot of close work without glasses

B．can only see things that are very close to their eyes

C．have the same problem as the nearsighted people

D．have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm's length

小題3:To see a small thing at night, we need to look _______.

A．with wide open eyes	B．with half shut eyes
C．straight at it	D．in a slightly different direction

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D

試題分析：本文敘述了人們看不清東西的集中情況：近視，遠視以及其他眼睛方面的一些問題。近視的人只能看清楚他們的眼睛很近的東西，要想看清遠處的東西，需要戴眼鏡。遠視的人能看清遠處的東西，離他們近的東西，看不清，需要戴眼鏡才能看清楚。眼睛形狀不正確，也看不清東西，需要戴眼鏡來糾正。還有些人是因為得了白內障而看不清楚，需要除去眼睛上的障礙物。再有，就是晚上人們因為天黑而看不清清楚。
小題1:細節理解題。根據第二段的Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted.可知許多做眼睛離得近的工作的人容易近視，像寫東西或讀東西，因此作家容易近視。故選C。
小題2:細節理解題。根據第三段的If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.可知遠視的人要想讀東西，必須戴上眼鏡。故選A。
小題3:推理判斷題。根據最后一段的after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction.可知在晚上入股哦你看小的東西，直著看似乎看不到那個東西，因此應該從稍微不同方向來看這個物品。故選D。