Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce(減少)a child’s chance of becoming short-sighted（近視）,research shows . It challenges the belif that short-sightedness is caused by computer use , watching TV or reading in weak light .
Australian government researchers believe that sunlight is good for people’s eyes . They compared the vision （視力）and habits of 100 seven-year-old children in China and Australia .In all,30% of the Chinese children were short-sighted .This percentage was ten times higher than Australian children.
Both groups spent a similar amount of time reading, watching TV and playing computer games .However , the Australia children spent an average of two hours a day outdoors ,90 minutes more than the Chinese children.
Professor Ian Morgan said ,“Humans are naturally long-sighted ,but when people begin to go to school and spend little or no time outdoors ,the number of short-sighted peoplegets larger. We are also seeing more and more short-sighted children in cities all around the world –and the main reason may be that city children spend less time outdoors .
Daylight can be hundreds of times brighter than indoor light . But why does playing outside prevent us from becoming short-sighted ? Scientists believe that natural light has a special chemical（化學物質）which stops the eyeball from growing out of shape and prevents people from becoming short-sighted .
So go outdoors .It doesn’t matter if that time is spent having a picnic or playing sports .
根據材料內容選擇最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內。
【小題1】What can reduce a child's chance of becoming short-sighted according to the passage ?
| A．Playing computer games. |
| B．watching TV. |
| C．Reading books. |
| D．Spending 2 or 3 hours playing outside every day. |
| A．百分比 | B．功率 | C．平均分 | D．效率 |
| A．2 hours. | B．90 minutes. | C．1 hour. | D．30 minutes. |
| A．Why people become short-sighted. |
| B．Why natural light has a special chemical. |
| C． Why playing outside is good for one's eyesight. |
| D． Why daylight is much brighter than indoor light. |
| A．People will all become short-sighted after they begin to go to school. |
| B．Playing outdoors for 2 or 3 hours every day can help protect your eyesight. |
| C． Children in Australia are more likely to become short-sighted than those in China. |
| D． lf you spend 2 or 3 hours playing outside each day, you will become short-sighted. |
【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C
【小題5】B
解析【小題1】細節理解題，根據文中語句“Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce(減少)a child’s chance of becoming short-sighted（近視）,research shows .”理解可知。
【小題2】詞義理解題，根據文中語句“In all,30% of the Chinese children were short-sighted .This percentage was ten times higher than Australian children.
”理解可知。
【小題3】細節理解題，根據文中語句“However , the Australia children spent an average of two hours a day outdoors ,90 minutes more than the Chinese children.”理解可知。120-90=30
【小題4】理解歸納題，根據文中語句理解可知。
【小題5】細節理解題，根據文中語句“Spending two or three hours playing outdoors each day can reduce(減少)a child’s chance of becoming short-sighted（近視）,research shows .”理解可知。
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學業測評一課一測系列答案科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆重慶市西南大學附屬中學九年級5月（第八次）月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations(適應能力) was Charles Darwin(達爾文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn’t the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(觀察) nature more than having medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.
Next, Charles’ father sent him to school to become a minister(牧師). This time he made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
Luckily, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist after graduation. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their task was to make maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831. Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to begin his scientific study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
【小題1】Darwin was very interested in ____________.
| A．having medical classes | B．the work of a minister |
| C．sailing around the world | D．science and nature |
| A．five | B．four |
| C．three | D．two |
| A．twenty | B．twenty-three |
| C．forty-five | D．fifty |
| A．adaptations | B．Darwin and Wallace |
| C．animals | D．Darwin’s ideas |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011廣東省深圳市初中畢業生學業考試英語模擬試卷（2） 題型：閱讀理解
Reading is a good habit, but the problem is there’s too much to read these days and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good.
Preview — if it’s long and hard. Previewing is especially useful for getting a general idea of heavy reading like long magazine articles and business reports.
Here’s how to preview.
Read the first two paragraphs and the last two paragraphs carefully.
Then read only the first sentence of the other paragraphs.
Previewing doesn’t give you all the details. It keeps you from spending time on things you don’t really want － or need － or read.
Skim － if it’s short and simple. Skimming is a good way to get a general idea of light reading like popular magazines or the sports and entertainment of your daily paper.
Here’s how to skim.
Get your eyes to move fast. Sweep them across each line.
Pick up only a few key words in each line.
Everybody skims differently. You and I may not pick up the same words when we skim the same piece, but we’ll get a similar idea of what it’s all about.
【小題1】 How many skills does the writer introduce to help us in reading?
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
| A．Read every word of it. | B．Read all the details. |
| C．Pick up a few key words in each line. | |
| D．Read the first and the last two paragraphs carefully. |
| A．Previewing. | B．Skimming. | C．Reading. | D．Sweeping. |
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Bamboo (竹子) is one of nature’s (自然) most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist reported one bamboo plant which grew 1. 5 metres(4 feet) in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1, 000 kinds of bamboo.
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimetres wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimetres (1 foot) across. This plant also comes in different colours, from yellow to black to green.
Bamboo has been used to make many things such as hats and kitchen tools( 廚房用具). Because it is strong, bamboo is also used to build buildings.
Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for buildings and supporting (支撐) new buildings and bridges while they are being built.
In Africa, poor farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap way to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. Bamboo pipes( 管子) help poor farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.
【小題1】 How is bamboo like grass?
| A．It grows quickly. | B．It’s wood. ` | C．it is easy to cut. | D．It is very thin. |
| A．in China | B．in Europe | C．on mountains | D．in Africa |
| A．it is cheap | B．it has different colours |
| C．it is strong | D．it has been used by Asians |
| A．make money | B．be trees | C．grow quickly | D．carry water |
| A．a short time |
| B．many thousands of years |
| C．many hundreds of years |
| D．about 100 years |
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–I’m planning?????? the weekend with my grandparents, Mom.
???????? --Oh, don’t?????? to buy them some nice food.
A. to spend; forget?????????????????? ????????????? ? B. to spend; remember
C. spending; forget?????????????????? ????????????? ? D. spending; remember
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Sarah is a keen walker. She lives in a big city. When she goes on holiday she likes to walk in the hills. She is looking for new places to go.
Jane is keen on music. She also likes reading about the personal life of famous people to find out what they are really like.
Peter is going to France next week on business. And he has a free weekend so he plans to spend it in Paris. He would like to find out what is happening there for fun and entertainment.
Mary likes clothes but hasn’t got much money so she is looking for ways of dressing smartly without spending too much.
Paul likes singing. He is also interested in history and likes reading about famous explorers from the past.
1.Who likes walking?
A. Sarah.????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. Jane.????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C. Peter.????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. Mary.
2.Why is Peter going to Paris?
A. On business.????????????? ????????????? B. For fun.????????????? ????????????? C. To find a job.????????????? ????????????? D. To go shopping.
3.What does Paul like?
A. He likes clothes.????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. He likes music.????????????? ?????????????
C. He likes exploring.????????????? ????????????? D. He likes reading.
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